Naturally, Zhang Hanqing remembered the three-character formula of the development of the New China Navy - "air, submarine and speed".
Although the share of the navy's military expenditure is relatively small, compared with the early Republic of China, the absolute amount of the navy's military expenditure has not declined, but has doubled - this depends on the leap of the national economy. Although Guo Songling was aggrieved by the navy's ranking, he never cared about what he did:
The young marshal's "unfettered" thinking greatly inspired Guo Songling. With his rich knowledge of land warfare and the combat experience of the Yangtze River Fleet's 1st Marine Brigade in the southwest, he was quickly assigned to the Bohai and Yangtze Rivers respectively. The three marine units of the South China Fleet and the Third Fleet have their own unique training programs and equipment, and have formed initial combat effectiveness.
For the formation of the naval aviation force, which is the top priority in the army-building ideology of integrating air, ships and submarines, Guo Songling completed it more thoroughly. By the end of 1925, the establishment of 2 water aircraft groups (regiment-level organization, each containing 1 reconnaissance/patrol aircraft squadron with 6 aircraft, and 3 "Water Bomb-1" torpedo attack aircraft squadrons with 12 aircraft each) had been completed.
In addition, through various efforts and preparations for possible future war between China and Japan, the Harbin Seaplane Manufacturing Factory has the ability to produce hundreds of such seaplanes annually. To maintain such capabilities, "Kong", an important part of China's naval modernization, already has a cornerstone.
Thanks to the invention of torpedoes, a new type of naval ship specialized in using torpedoes began to appear, giving hope to weak maritime countries. These are torpedo boats and submarines. Since January 26, 1878, the two Russian torpedo boats "Cesme" and "Sinop" successfully sank the Turkish warship "Intiba Kekh". The role of torpedoes has been It caused a strong shock among the navies of Western countries.
Many people realize that torpedoes are a very powerful weapon, because the cost of manufacturing torpedoes and torpedo boats is much cheaper than building armored ships and cruisers, but it can give armored ships or torpedoes Cruisers deliver a fatal blow, especially if a country with a weak navy seems likely to challenge the largest naval power at a relatively small cost.
Submarine is a relatively cost-effective weapon for countries with backward navies. It can use water cover to carry out covert activities and carry out surprise attacks on enemies. It has large self-sufficiency, endurance and combat radius, and can be far away from bases. It can operate independently for a long time and in a large ocean area, and even deep into enemy sea areas, and has strong assault power; it can launch torpedoes and lay mines underwater to attack sea targets.
Therefore, Germany vigorously developed submarines during the two wars when it engaged in naval wars with Britain. Compared with manufacturing large warships, this thing was more cost-effective.
Historically, China is the same. Aircraft carriers (equivalent to battleships in the early 20th century) cannot compete with others in developing submarines. Firstly, it can cruise around the world's oceans unnoticed and attack imperial merchant ships and warships. Secondly, it can attack from below with torpedoes, which is more efficient in destroying the ship's armor than using cannons to bombard it.
Because of this, early submarines were regarded as ungentlemanly weapons, and submarine officers and soldiers were even regarded as pirates.
Zhang Hanqing doesn't mind whether he is a gentleman or not. War is war. The gentlemanly style of fighting with others "uprightly" like Song Xianggong only adds to the laughter. "Soldiers who, deception also". As long as you can win, you can do whatever you want.
Under Zhang Hanqing's suggestion, the navy's main operational concept was defined as using cheap and fast torpedo boats and large-scale submarines as the main attack weapons, under the suppression of superior naval aviation, to carry out large-scale, long-term attacks on the enemy's weak transportation lines. The intrusion of time.
Japan is a country that relies heavily on overseas energy markets. In the face of a possible large-scale submarine war by China, it is really a question whether it can sustain it for three months.
Under the guidance of this idea, the Navy spent huge sums of money to introduce two sets of submarine production lines from Germany during World War I, and began to be launched at the Shanghai Jiangnan Shipyard and the Fujian Shipbuilding Bureau under the leadership of German experts. In order to adapt the navy to future naval battles as quickly as possible, three German World War I submarines were purchased at a high price during the same period as training ships.
After the war, the Allied Powers obtained a large amount of German ordnance. Some of it was kept for their own use, and the rest was given to the Allies or sold. For example, Japan received seven German submarines as a reward for its navy's "meritorious service" in protecting British ships. Became the origin of Japan's submarine force.
China obtained these three "obsolete and obsolete" submarines thanks to the help of German arms dealers. Otherwise, with the British mentality of defending against China, they would not be able to obtain "restricted-class" heavy weapons anyway.
Under the full efforts of Chinese and German officials and military businessmen, the British Admiralty managers who accepted bribes half-opened their eyes and allowed the Germans to purchase and recycle them on the grounds that the Blohm Voss shipyard in Hamburg needed a large amount of scrap steel. , and quickly handed it over to the Chinese Navy submarine trainees and technicians who had been waiting here.
With the assistance of the German military, these three submarines traveled around the worldInstead of striving for scale and production capacity at this time - this is undoubtedly a short-sighted behavior that will only drag down China's economic development.
From the perspective of the Japanese navy, which has considerable numbers and huge tonnage and has always believed in "big guns and big ships", these Chinese forces can only be regarded as "conceptual and toy-type" navies.
No wonder a senior Japanese naval officer said sarcastically: "After the Chinese failed in the 'Japanese-Qing War' (known as the 'Sino-Japanese War of Sino-Japanese War' in Chinese history) with hostage, they worked tirelessly to build a large number of useless warships." Small warships came to flood the battlefield. They really naively thought they could shake 'King Kong' with these warships!"
(Note: The "King Kong" class is considered the first Japanese warship in the era of giant ships and artillery. It is a Japanese giant battleship in the 1920s, with a displacement of 32,000 tons) (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com