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Members of the Political Bureau of the Soviet Union paid great attention to the arrival of Zhang Hanqing and his delegation, which was reflected in the fact that six leaders of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union received Zhang Hanqing and his delegation, and the guests and hosts had in-depth exchanges in a friendly atmosphere.
Among these figures who have left a profound mark on history, Zhang Hanqing pays special attention to Stalin.
Now, together with Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Rykov, and Tomsky, he is the six most powerful people in the Soviet Communist Party, but at present, he has not yet demonstrated a power that far surpasses others. Although he was the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, he was never liked by Lenin for various reasons. Therefore, he was the least favored among those who succeeded Lenin as the supreme leader of the Soviet Union.
Since Lenin and Stalin had disputes over the foreign trade monopoly and the Georgia incident at the same time, on January 4, 1923, Lenin made a supplement to his dictation record, namely the famous "Letter to the Congress", It is specifically aimed at Stalin:
"Comrade Stalin is too rude. This shortcoming is completely tolerable among us and in our interactions as Communists. But it becomes intolerable in the position of General Secretary.
Therefore, I suggest that comrades carefully think of a way to remove Stalin from this position and appoint another person to this position. This man was the same as Stalin in other respects, except that he was more patient, more humble, more polite, more caring for his comrades, less willful, etc.
This may seem like a trivial matter, but I think, from the perspective of preventing splitting, and from the perspective of the relationship between Stalin and Trotsky I mentioned earlier, this is not a trivial matter, or in other words, it is a kind of The little things that can be decisive. "
On March 5, 1923, Lenin was very angry after learning that his wife Krupskaya had been insulted and intimidated by Stalin, and proposed to break off diplomatic relations with Stalin. Although Stalin apologized to Lenin, things eventually settled down. But this incident also affected Lenin's view of Stalin: "I am not sure whether he can always use this power very carefully."
Because of these events, senior leaders within the People's Party and diplomats familiar with Soviet affairs once argued endlessly about who would eventually become the supreme leader of the Soviet Union. Of course, no one was optimistic about Stalin. However, what shocked the colleagues of the Kuomintang was that Zhang Hanqing categorically concluded that Stalin would eventually dominate the political situation of the Soviet Union.
He also said in a tone that left no room for doubt: "The relations with the Soviet Union discussed during this visit to the Soviet Union are, firstly, to demonstrate the long-term friendly gestures between our country and the two parties of the Soviet Union and to ensure border harmony. The other important thing is to firmly Unswervingly showing support for Stalin so that we can gain more favor and support from the Soviet Union in our relations with the Soviet Union is crucial in China's future construction and international relations."
Although the People¡¯s Party¡¯s intelligence network has not been able to reach the top leadership of the Soviet Union, Zhang Hanqing clearly knew Stalin¡¯s capabilities with the advantage of being a time traveler.
Before the crisis caused by "Lenin's Testament", he took advantage of the contradictions and differences between Lenin and Trotsky, and later won Lenin's trust and reuse. After Lenin's death, he immediately seized the opportunity of Trotsky's criticism of Kamenev and Divinoev to form a political alliance with the latter to jointly deal with the highly prestigious Trotsky.
Through their support, Stalin survived the crisis caused by "Lenin's Testament", defeated Trotsky, and consolidated his position in the party. Then he supported Bukharin, taking advantage of people's weariness with the fickleness of the opposition, isolating Kamenev and Divinoev, who turned to collude with Trotsky, until they were expelled from the party; Bukharin, who had his own differences on economic policy, became the leader of the right-leaning capitulationist group.
So, the seats are only temporary. In a few years, under Stalin's attention, these people will disappear in the long river of history, and none of them will end well. In public, their relationship seemed to be that of comrades and brothers, but in private, they had reached the point of being incompatible with each other.
Of course, for Zhang Hanqing, he could only shake hands with them politely one by one with mixed feelings, like browsing each living memorial sculpture.
It was Stalin¡¯s turn. For this world-famous legend, even if Zhang Hanqing had the same status as him today, he still had reverence for him.
He knew his own affairs, and he became the leader of China by virtue of his prophetic opportunity, while the other party was completely killed from a pool of blood Stalin was originally his pen name, which means "Man of Steel". From his subsequent series Judging from his methods, he really lives up to his name.
There are deep pockmarks on his face, which is said to be caused by smallpox when he was 7 years old. He was observed wearing a thick glove on his left hand, obtained from the Ministry of Foreign AffairsThe news he received was that he had contracted sepsis when he was in school and infected his left arm. Even after recovering from the illness, his muscles were still atrophied and his left arm was slightly shorter.
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????This man who is only 1.62 meters tall and has an unattractive appearance can lead the Soviet Union to the stage of the world's superpower. People can¡¯t be judged by their appearances, that¡¯s true!
Zhang Hanqing spoke to the future leader of the Soviet Communist Party in an unusually cordial tone. He said: "Dear Comrade Stalin, today, we are here for friendship. As the largest neighbor of the Soviet Union now and in the future, the government of the Republic of China | We are willing to form a strong foundation of friendship and mutual assistance with you. Both China and the Soviet Union have a history of being invaded, but with the support of the people of both countries, we have achieved staged victories.
In order to consolidate this victory, on behalf of the Central Committee of the Chinese People's Party, the Central Military Commission and the government of the Republic of China, I am willing to establish comprehensive cooperation, mutual benefit and peaceful diplomacy with the fraternal parties and governments of the Soviet Union on the basis of friendly consultations. relation.
Before, the Soviet Union was the first country to establish diplomatic relations with the Republic of China, which fully demonstrated the Soviet Union¡¯s friendship with the Republic of China; now, this huge delegation I am leading is to repay our friendship to the Soviet brothers. I believe that under the banner of Sino-Soviet friendship, all problems can be finally solved. I am full of confidence in the prospects of Sino-Soviet relations! "
This time, in addition to eliminating the cold treatment of relations between the two countries caused by the previous search of the embassy, ??we also need to completely resolve the tail end of the Middle East Road and other issues, as well as obtain mutual security guarantees between the two countries, and try our best to obtain some urgent information from the Soviet Union. technology.
No matter how they fight within the Soviet Union, they are surprisingly unanimous in their relations with China. That is, the Soviet Union needs to accept the olive branch offered by China. On this overall situation, the guests and hosts quickly reached a mainstream consensus, leaving the remaining details to be negotiated by diplomats from both sides.
Turning grief into strength, the Soviet people who were working hard to build a new Soviet Union also expressed great affection for the friendly envoys from their eastern neighbors: Since the October Revolution, the Soviet regime has been isolated from the world, and only this legendary young marshal of China has Against all odds, he was the first to recognize the Soviet Union and express friendship in the name of local autonomy in Northeast China. After taking over China, he was the first to exchange ambassadors with the Soviet Union, giving the Soviet Union its first ally.
Although this ally is not very strong yet, and it believes in the "three dishes cooking principle" that is somewhat different from communism. However, the enemy of my enemy is my friend, and China's growing strength has a vital buffering effect on this big country in shock.
The political structure of the People's Party: the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, the Standing Committee, the Commission for Discipline Inspection, the Organization Department, and the Secretariat are surprisingly similar to the People's Committee, the Central Executive Committee, the Political Bureau, the Organization Bureau, the Inspection Committee, and the Secretariat of the Soviet Union. Some names Even the same; the Central Committee of the People's Party and the Revolutionary Military Committee of the Soviet Workers' and Peasants' Red Army are very similar; the organizational principles of the People's Party and the system of standing committees at all levels are good examples for the Soviet Union to learn from.
Of course, the collective farms and planned economy of the Soviet Union are also worthy of Zhang Hanqing's efforts to learn from. After all, times have changed and the country has embarked on the road of market economy before crossing over. He does not yet understand the operation of the planned economy very well.
Because we are in the era of economic globalization, the planned economy has come to an end after decades of glory, so its shortcomings have been magnified. It is this economic system that once made the Soviet Union rank second in the world and is worth reference.
Due to the implementation of the New Economic Policy, the Soviet Union¡¯s economy basically returned to the pre-war 1913 level by 1925. However, modern industry in the Soviet Union is still relatively backward. Steel and electricity production are far from meeting the needs of the national economy. The latest large industries such as automobiles, aircraft manufacturing, chemical synthesis, large machine equipment manufacturing (power stations, automatic production line equipment), etc. are almost blank.
In the mid-1920s, after Western countries recovered from World War I, the gross industrial production of all major industrial countries reached or exceeded the pre-World War I level.
In particular, the U.S. economy is experiencing unprecedented prosperity. Some European and American economists claim that capitalism has eliminated poverty. The unprecedented prosperity makes them confident, and they continue to block the Soviet economy, turning the Soviet Union into a red island. What is even more serious is that the Soviet Union lacks engineering technicians and scientific researchers, and the quality of its workers is not high.
Until 1928, the industrial output value of the Soviet Union was less than half of Germany and one-eighth of that of the United States. There were less than 30,000 tractors in the country, and 99% of farming relied on animal power and manpower. If it encountered a large-scale invasion by the imperialist group at this time, the Soviet Union's industrial level and production capacity at that time would not be able to defend the Soviet regime.
So when Lenin was still alive, he was planning a massive economic construction. At that time, the Soviet Union was conceiving the first five-year plan in the history of communism, so it particularly needed a relatively peaceful environment.
With China¡¯s proactive overtures, the Soviet Union can now breathe a sigh of relief and no longer has to worry too much about threats from the east and fall into an unfavorable situation of being attacked from both sides. As the Soviet Union, which was surrounded by imperialist countries, it also urgently needed friendly care.
No one mentioned inappropriately that the Chinese side had raided the Soviet Embassy in China not long ago. Zhang Hanqing did not mention it, and the Soviets did not mention it. It was like a dream that happened yesterday
Zhang Hanqing and others also presented their package deal and economic mutual assistance and cooperation agreement. Of course, all of this was negotiated on the premise of achieving complete peace between China and the Soviet Union. (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com)There is no need to worry too much about the threat from the east and fall into the unfavorable situation of being attacked from both sides. As the Soviet Union, which was surrounded by imperialist countries, it also urgently needed friendly care.
No one mentioned inappropriately that the Chinese side had raided the Soviet Embassy in China not long ago. Zhang Hanqing did not mention it, and the Soviets did not mention it. It was like a dream that happened yesterday
Zhang Hanqing and others also presented their package deal and economic mutual assistance and cooperation agreement. Of course, all of this was negotiated on the premise of achieving complete peace between China and the Soviet Union. (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com - Didn't finish reading? Add this book to your favoritesI'm a member and bookmarked this chapterCopy the address of this book and recommend it to your friends for pointsChapter error? Click here to report
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