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Chapter 535: Political power emerges from the barrel of a gun

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    In the battle between Hunan and Hubei, Zhao Heng, the governor of Hunan, lost his troops and abandoned his territory.  He is also a strange person. Regardless of his merits and demerits, as far as his calligraphy is concerned, he is very prominent among famous figures in modern history.

    The evaluation of him in history is that he has "deep foundation in tradition, orderly succession of teachers, clear context, and regularity, especially in official script. He is calm and agile, and heroic but quiet."  According to official history, in the living room of Chiang Ching-kuo¡¯s Qihai ¡°Presidential Residence¡±, Zhang Daqian¡¯s ink paintings and couplets written by Zhao Hengti were hung on the walls.

    Military incompetence does not mean political naivety.  In the early years of the Republic of China, when he was the governor of Hunan, he wanted to formulate a constitution and promote Hunan autonomy. To put it bluntly, he wanted to win public support and use the tiger's skin as a banner to prevent warlords from other provinces from getting involved in Hunan, so as to consolidate and protect himself.

    In fact, this purpose does not violate the fundamental interests of the Hunan people. Compared with the armies of the northern and southern provinces, which are fighting in the name of unity, in fact, life and property are at stake. How can the Hunan people have the final say in their own land?  Therefore, even though Zhao Heng was wary of the fact that he was engaged in dishonesty and election bribery, the people of Hunan finally acquiesced to his actions.

    Objectively speaking, regardless of how unjust Zhao Hengti¡¯s ¡°autonomy and constitution¡± came from, once he put on the ¡°autonomy¡± hat, it indeed caused great obstacles to the attempts of the North and the South to get involved in Hunan.

    In the official history, Wu Peifu in the north occupied Yueyang and could attack Changsha in the south at any time. That was just a matter of destroying the imperial court, but why didn't he do this?  On the one hand, it is to leave a buffer between Zhao Hengti and Sun Yat-sen of Guangdong. On the other hand, it goes without saying that the autonomy of Hunan Province and Zhao's status as the elected governor are legal obstacles that Wu Peifu cannot easily circumvent.

    Sun Yixian in the south was bent on unifying the whole of China with the Northern Expedition, but he could only persuade Zhao Hengti to join his camp by wooing him, rather than rashly using force against Hunan.  When Zhao Hengti disagreed, Sun Yixian had no choice but to detour to Jiangxi for the Northern Expedition.

    When he was held responsible for the defeat, he did not think about the situation. Instead, he said: "In this battle, autonomy was not fully demonstrated, but even troops and territory were lost!" From then on, Hunan became a province, let alone a federal province.  The so-called "Hunan people governing Hunan" has also lost the possibility of precise implementation.  Zhao Hengti originally wanted to use Hubei as a buffer zone to prevent the Beiyang system from easily encroaching on Hunan, but he did not expect that stealing chickens would lead to losses of rice, and the People's Army would be directly introduced to his own door. He could only rely on Zhang Hanqing for everything.  In this battle between Hunan and Hubei, Zhao Hengti spent a total of more than one million yuan in military expenditures, and more than 20,000 soldiers were killed or injured. The people in northern Hunan and southern Hubei suffered military disasters that were even more incalculable.  Moreover, man-made disasters are always followed by natural disasters. Hunan suffered from floods and droughts for two consecutive years, and millions of hungry people in various counties flowed into big cities such as Changsha and Hengyang.

    Zhao Hengti seems to attach great importance to "procedure". He will never do anything without establishing a "basis of public opinion."  But for him, whether it is procedures or public opinion, they are still all for my own use, and have basically nothing to do with the so-called spirit of dishonesty.

    At the beginning of the Hunan-Hubei War, Zhao Hengti still did not forget to report to the Hunan Provincial Council at this time, and formally issued a message to the Provincial Council, saying: " Hunan and Hubei are one family, and the people of Hubei are urgently asking for salvation.  , our province, in order to respect public opinion and take into account the interests of its neighbors, convened a military meeting to decide to assist Hubei. "

    "Zhao Hengti's words are not grandiose, but if you think about it carefully, is there any hint of provincial autonomy in it?  People from Hunan govern Hunan and people from Hubei govern Hubei. They should be matters within their respective provinces. If the Hunan army intervenes in Hubei affairs with force, it is already a complete warlord melee. How can we talk about inter-provincial autonomy?  Zhao Hengti lost his moral advantage entirely due to temporary greed. The idea that was originally very tenable in legal principles was overthrown by himself.

    Zhao Hengti¡¯s thoughts were all on how to rectify the Hunan Army, which had just been hit hard, and he didn¡¯t care about the life and death of the people!  The provincial constitution originally stipulated that the people had the right to receive disaster relief, but at this time he canceled the daily relief for the hungry people of two beans per person and replaced it with gruel mixed with chaff.  There was a lot of dissatisfaction for a while, especially students launched large-scale demonstrations.

    The provincial constitution also stipulates that people have the right to demonstrate, but Zhao Hengti came up with a strange trick: asking the soldiers to go to the streets and beat the students on the grounds that the students had insulted the soldiers!  After receiving the order, the Qiu Ba men dispersed and intercepted the students who had disbanded after the parade. They were beaten until the students had nowhere to hide.  Even though the students did not dare to go to the streets the next day, the soldiers came to the school to fight.  This time it was really a scholar who met a soldier. He simply had no reason to talk and had to suspend classes to avoid trouble.

    The students were beaten for three days in a row, which not only broke the young minds, but also the thoughts of fighting for rights with the Constitution and peace in their heads.  Historically, the younger generation in Hunan, represented by Mao Zedong, was able to embark on a more radical revolutionary road. I am afraid it has something to do with this stick!

    TimeFight outside the city.  When the two armies faced each other, they wanted to "punish thieves" on the one hand and "protect the constitution" on the other. But in the final analysis, words alone are not enough. Victory or defeat must be decided by guns and cannons.  To paraphrase the young marshal¡¯s words, political power can come from the barrel of a gun.

    At the critical moment of the confrontation between the two armies, Zhao's subordinate Zhu Yaohua rebelled with his regiment and marched straight into Changsha, almost capturing Zhao Hengti alive.  Lao Zhao fled to Zhuzhou and no longer cared about self-government.  When the foothold was not stable, he fled south to Hengyang again, busy like a fish that slipped through the net.

    In this battle, Yu Xuezhong personally took the risk and his troops were invincible. He ran for 11 consecutive days and marched 600 miles, but his fighting spirit remained undiminished.  If the Guangdong-Hankou Railway had not been delayed due to the complex terrain and difficult engineering of the more than 400 kilometers of the Shaoguan-Zhuzhou section, it would not be difficult for Yu Xuezhong's department to reach Hengyang in one go.

    Even so, Zhao Hengti was frightened and sent electricity to the field in Hengyang urgently.

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