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Chapter 939 Doubt of not knowing why

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    ?

    Sure enough, to bridge the gap between knowing and doing, it is not just a matter of reading books a few times or repeating dictation a few times.

    It is a sudden understanding of it because of some perception at a certain sudden moment, and it is a recognition from the heart, not the kind that is forced to remember by the brain.

    Sensitive Liu Xingting sensed Chu Lihua's gaze, and continued, "Generally speaking, they found that after watching those horrifying pictures, whether it is subjective or objective indicators, the emotional state of this group of subjects has changed.  There are obvious fluctuations. This is not surprising.

    How to verify the effect of non-deceptive placebo?  Here's what the researchers did:

    Before the experiment started, the researchers sprayed each subject's nose with saline, the kind of spray often used by patients with allergic rhinitis.

    The difference is that for half of the subjects, the researchers simply told them that spraying saline in the nose is a routine operation required for the experiment; while for the other half of the subjects, the scientists explicitly told them that what I sprayed for you is not saline.  Wrong, but please take it as a placebo, you just need to believe that it will make you feel less uncomfortable later.  Just that little difference.

    ?It was found that whether it was the subjective emotional state scoring or the objective brain wave index measurement, the emotional state of the latter group of students improved.

    That is to say, these students know that they just used some normal saline, but as long as he believes that this thing works, or even as long as he hears that this thing may be useful, it will really be useful.  For the first time, the effects of non-deceptive placebos have been proven in real terms.

    This is of course a very brain-opening discovery.  I think its value is not to end a problem, but to start more problems.

    For example, from the perspective of brain science, this phenomenon of knowing that something is false, but still responding positively to it; what is the principle behind it?

    Is it an instinctive reaction of the human brain, or is it the result of human-specific rational thinking?  Is there any difference in the strength of this phenomenon between people, between cultures, and between people of different ages?

    Could it be that some people are particularly prone to being sincere and spiritual, while others are naturally immune to it?  Where does the difference between these people come from?  Inherited, or learned?  "

    Every word that Liu Xingting uttered hit the hearts of everyone present. They either raised their heads and squinted at the blurry figure in front of them, or opened their eyes wide and watched the voice without focus.  direction.

    At this moment, no one is distracted.  These are the questions they want to know.

    Sometimes, a person with different identities, even if the words they say to them are the same, will cause waves of different heights in their hearts.

    To put it bluntly, the weight is different.

    Liu Xingting coughed lightly, "Also, from a medical point of view, the placebo effect, especially the objective existence of the non-deceptive placebo effect, actually has both positive and negative effects.

    On the downside, this effect makes it difficult for us to judge the real effect of a drug, and we must rely on randomized controlled double-blind experiments to rule out the placebo effect.

    This in itself is a time-consuming, labor-intensive and huge investment, and of course it will increase the cost of new drug development.  Even in recent years, some studies have found that the placebo effect seems to have a stronger and stronger trend.  In other words, the threshold for new drug development is getting higher and higher.

    But from a good point, since the placebo effect really exists, if you can find a way to use it to relieve pain, it is of course a very low-cost and high-safety method.

    To put it bluntly, for those diseases that can be cured by taking a starch tablet and spraying a little saline, we don't need to develop drugs, right?

    Moreover, if the biological nature of the placebo effect is understood, it may be able to further strengthen it, so that it can better help us treat diseases.  This is certainly a direction worthy of further research.  "

    See, the placebo effect has been proven, and even biologists from all over the world have used it to treat diseases.

    Still need to continue to improve and strengthen, isn't this a real acknowledgment of its effectiveness?

    The big stone that weighed on everyone's hearts suddenly became lighter.

    Chu Lihua hesitated for a while, but still asked a question that troubled everyone.  At this moment, Liu Xingting is supremely authoritative.

    ¡ª¡ª"Excuse me, Dr. Liu, there are often questioning news about acupuncture points and meridians on the Internet, saying that these are illusory existences. Is there really no scientific basis?"

    ?After Chu Lihua finished speaking, the light in everyone's eyes became even brighter.

    That's right, isn't the walnut moxibustion they are doing now also based on the meridians and acupoints?

    Do these really exist?

    When Liu Xingting opened his mouth, it was like the rain after a long drought, and everyone listened with their ears straight.

    ¡ª¡ª"What a coincidence, this is also the third aspect I plan to share with you, about acupuncture and acupoints in traditional Chinese medicine.

    Although the topic of traditional Chinese medicine is too big and controversial, many people have been working hard to incorporate it into the modern scientific system.

    Among the two most important directions, one is to use chemical means to analyze traditional Chinese medicine, extract a single active ingredient from traditional Chinese herbal medicine and develop it into a drug.

    ?Including artemisinin, ephedrine and other successful cases, we will not discuss it here.  The other is the study of acupuncture, especially figuring out where, when, and how much intensity of acupuncture is used, what effect can be achieved, and how to achieve this effect.

    In 2014, a study published in the journal "Nature-Medicine" discovered the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on sepsis for the first time.

    Sepsis is a disease with a high mortality rate in the human world, often caused by systemic bacterial infections.

    The human immune system is unable to remove bacteria in time, leading to severe immune reactions in various organs of the body, causing persistent high fever, hepatosplenomegaly, mental laxity and even death.

    After simulating human sepsis in mice, the researchers found that at the mouse's Zusanli point, which is a specific position 4 mm below the knee joint of the mouse's hind leg, a very thin electrode was inserted and electrically stimulated, simulating acupuncture.  The effect can effectively alleviate the symptoms of sepsis in mice and reduce the mortality rate.

    By 2016, researchers also discovered a similar phenomenon in the human body.  Stimulating the human vagus nerve with electroacupuncture can effectively reduce the body's immune response and relieve the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.

    To some extent, these studies have partially demonstrated that the ancient art of acupuncture may indeed have some clinical value.  "(Remember this site URL: www.hlnovel.com
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