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- Nanjing, Yuhuatai.
There is a Huihui Observatory here, and the traditional Chinese Observatory is built on Jiming Mountain.
For more than 200 years in the Ming Dynasty, in terms of astronomy and calendar, the Han calendar and the Muslim calendar were parallel. Although the Huihui Qin Tianjian was cancelled, the relevant personnel were retained, and the Huihui Division has always existed in the Onmyoji system.
Back in front of the observatory, Liu Rushi was flipping through a volume of "Chongzhen Almanac", while Zhao Han was flipping through another volume.
During the Chongzhen period, Qin Tianjian was divided into four parts.
One is the Datong calendar system, the other is the Hijri calendar system, the third is the Western Bureau system, and the fourth is the Eastern Bureau system.
? The Western Game and the Eastern Game will compete eight times before and after, and measure the eclipse of the sun and moon to determine the winner or loser.
The Western Game was won, so European astronomical knowledge was introduced into the Datong calendar system of the Ming Dynasty. Although it is not compatible, a new set of calendars was compiled, and important parts of it were selected and engraved as "Chongzhen Almanac".
The circle is divided into 360 degrees, the day is divided into 96 quarters, and the time is divided into 60. These are all introduced into China through the "Chongzhen Almanac".
The set of "Chongzhen Almanac" in Zhao Han's hand was brought to the south from Shandong by missionary Long Huamin.
?This book has not been published nationwide at all, it is only printed in a small amount by Beijing Qintianjian, and it cannot be bought in folk book markets.
Zhao Han closed the "Chongzhen Almanac" and asked: "The earth is the center of the universe, the sun and stars revolve around the earth, and the five major planets revolve around the sun. Which smart person proposed this kind of statement, and it was compiled into the "Chongzhen Almanac" majestically. "?"
In front of Zhao Han and Liu Rushi, more than thirty Chinese and foreign astronomers sat.
Long Huamin participated in the compilation of this book. He stood up and clasped his hands to explain: "Your Majesty, in the former Ming Qin Tianjian, the contradictions between the East and the West were very fierce. Moreover, the chiefs of the Qin Tianjian were often jealous, self-willed, and reckless. Interfering with the work of the calendar bureau. The heliocentric theory cannot be compiled into the almanac at all, and only the geocentric theory can be used."
"I am not Chongzhen, what should be, is what should be, "Chongzhen Almanac" must check for omissions and fill in gaps, and re-compile it." Zhao Han said.
Long Huamin asked: "Your Majesty, to recompile the almanac, should we directly adopt the Western calendar, or introduce Western astronomical knowledge into the Datong calendar?"
Zhao Han smiled and asked, "Which one do you think is suitable?"
Long Huamin replied: "All are suitable."
Hehe, he is really a clever little ghost. He must have stumbled a lot in Beijing Qintianjian.
Cao Xuequan got up suddenly and said: "Your Majesty, it is difficult to take into account the Western calendar and the Datong calendar in many places. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages."
Cao Xuequan is the originator of Hokkien Opera. Maybe he is not very famous, but his couplets are well known. That's the sentence: Every time more dogs are slaughtered in righteousness, most of them are scholars who are ungrateful.
Historically, after the death of Chongzhen, this gentleman committed suicide by diving and was rescued. Later, he served as an official in the small court of the Southern Ming Dynasty. After Zheng Zhilong was surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, he hanged himself and died for the country, leaving a couplet of death: single pen in life, and a rope in death.
"I'm asking you, which calendar should you use?" Zhao Han repeated again.
Cao Xuequan said: "Abandon Daming's "Da Tong Li", introduce Western astronomical algorithms, and remake Shen Mengxi's twelve gas calendars."
"The minister seconded the proposal!" Zeng Yizhuan immediately got up and agreed. He and Cao Xuequan came from Fujian together, and obviously they had already communicated on the way.
Zeng Yizhuan was a posthumous child, and was taught to read by his mother. After passing the examination as a scholar, he made a living as a private school teacher, supported his elderly mother with a meager income, and refused to accept anyone's relief. Moreover, if you refuse to be recommended as an official, you usually teach, study knowledge, and write letters to local officials to discuss matters.
? Yang Manuo, archbishop of the Chinese Diocese of the Jesuits, immediately stood up with Ayulio: "Your Majesty, you can adopt the Western calendar!"
Zhao Han ignored the two missionaries, and only asked Cao Xuequan: "How do you calculate the twelve solar calendars?"
Cao Xuequan replied: "Traditional Chinese calendars all use the Pingqi method, and they are all lunar and solar calendars. This will inevitably lead to confusion. Often the season is already spring, and the calendar months are still in winter. Even if the leap month method is used to reconcile, this contradiction cannot be completely eliminated. .Because Shen Kuo and Shen Mengxi, the sages of the Song Dynasty, based on the solar terms, created the twelve-qi calendar."
"Explain in detail." Zhao Han still didn't understand.
Cao Xuequan said: "Introducing Western astronomy into the twelve solar calendars is to divide the 360 ??degrees of the zodiac into 24 equal parts. Each lunar solar term is at a fixed position where the earth revolves, and the angle between the two lunar solar terms with the neighbors is 15 degrees. In this way, Lichun is January 1, Jingzhe is February 1, Qingming is March 1heavy snow is November 1, and minor cold is December 1. The big moon has 31 days and the small moon has 30 days.¡±
Zhao Han understands that this is a solar calendar that combines Chinese and Western elements, and the moon is determined by the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar. He praised: "This methodsp; Yang Manuo said: "This emperor knows astronomy."
Ai Julius said: "His knowledge of Confucianism and mathematics is also very profound. When I communicated with him, I tried to instill theological ideas. Although he didn't get angry, he interrupted me many times. This emperor has his own firm belief. I I suggest that you study the "Datong Collection" carefully to see if you can integrate theology with "Datong Collection."
"Yes, you must do what you like." Yang Manuo said.
But Long Huamin was very unhappy: "If you do this, the Pope will be furious!"
Yang Manuo said: "The truth must be concealed from the Pope, otherwise, the Chinese emperor will definitely be angered, and missionary work may be completely banned."
"The observer is already on the ship to Rome, how could it be hidden?" Long Huamin shook his head.
Observers are similar to imperial envoys sent by the Pope to inspect the situation in various parishes.
Don't look at Zhao Han's radical burning of missionary books, but they are all books containing the words of God and God, and it is allowed to translate it as God normally.
However, the Pope of Rome is very outrageous, and has not allowed Chinese believers to worship their ancestors and worship Confucius.
In particular, the prohibition of believers worshiping ancestors has caused many riots in China. The Nanjing religious case also came about in this way, which led to Emperor Wanli ordering a complete ban on religion.
?The missionaries who came to China can be said to suffer from splints, facing the pressure of the Pope on the one hand and the emperor of China on the other.
The next time observers return to China, they are likely to bring orders from the Pope, and then they will make a mess again.
Really pissed off Zhao Han, churches all over the place had to be demolished.
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