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Chapter 1654 1627. The porcelain of the past (recommendation votes are also required)

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    After hearing this quotation, Qin Shiou was immediately disappointed and said, "Only one million US dollars? I thought I could get a price of 10 or 20 million US dollars."

    Billy and Little Black stared at each other and asked him almost in unison: "What do you think a dollar is? Japanese yen, Korean won or Thai baht?!"

    Qin Shiou said: "Don't look at me with such damn eyes. You know Yuan Qinghua, right? Can't one of those things be sold for fifty or sixty million US dollars? There are also some official kilns in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the prices are also very high.  High."

    Little Black shook his head and said: "You don't understand the rules of the porcelain and antique collection world. I know that the porcelain you are talking about, Yuan Qinghua is of course expensive, it is the emperor among porcelain antiques. And those official kilns can also be regarded as the aristocrats among porcelain antiques.  , alla-porcelana cannot be compared with them, because this porcelain is only an imitation of Chinese porcelain."

    Billy patted Qin Shiou on the shoulder, winked at him and said, "Your national pride can rise."

    Little Black continued the introduction. This time he tried to be concise and concise, explaining alla-porcelana and other modern European porcelain. As for the history of American ceramic antiques?  Sorry, the native American Indians can make pottery, but this thing has been eliminated in Chinese art appreciation for a thousand years, and has been eliminated in Europe for several centuries, so there is no seat for the Americas in this historical introduction.

    First, from the Roman Empire, Egypt¡¯s lead-glazed pottery technology was introduced to Italy, and production continued until the tin-glazed pottery technology was introduced.  The production technology of tin-glazed pottery was introduced to Italy from the Middle East via Mallorca in southern Spain. Compared with the technology of lead-glazed pottery, the technology of tin-glazed pottery was a perfect improvement. From then on, exquisite pottery art began to enter the upper class of Europe.

    During the Renaissance, the manufacturing technology of tin-glazed pottery spread rapidly from Italy, first to France, and then to Germany, the Netherlands, England and the Nordic countries.  The main feature of Italian tin-glazed pottery is that the painted decoration was initially multi-colored. Later, when luster colors were introduced from Spain, gloss colors were mostly used, making the products bright colors, such as golden yellow, bright red, dark blue, etc.

    When the introduction came here, little Blake pointed to the pottery inside. Obviously, the color of these pottery was like this

    ? Continuing to develop, the pottery art of Europe in the Middle Ages began to reach its peak, and it was Venice in the 16th century that achieved this. This maritime country took the lead in contacting China by taking advantage of convenient maritime transportation, and obtained more advanced tin-glazed pottery production technology.

    The porcelain produced in Venice not only adopts Chinese manufacturing technology, but is also good at imitating the painting patterns of Chinese Ming Dynasty porcelain, forming a new style with oriental colors. This is the origin of alla-porcelana, where 'alla-porcelana' also has  A name called traditional alla-porcelana.

    Blake Jr. explained before that alla-porcelana can be translated as simulated tin-glazed pottery. The focus of this word lies in two places, one is 'simulation' and the other is 'tin-glazed pottery'.  In addition to Venice at that time, various European countries were studying and learning Chinese pottery making techniques, and many kinds of simulated tin-glazed pottery appeared.

    For example, in Germany in the 1660s, Frankfurt and its nearby Hanlo factory began to produce tin-glazed pottery. They used production techniques transferred from the Middle East, but the vessels used Chinese decorative patterns, which can be regarded as a type of simulated tin-glazed pottery.  .

    Earlier, in the 1620s, some Italian potters moved to the Netherlands and started the production of tin-glazed pottery in the Netherlands, imitating Chinese Yixing pottery. This is also a type of simulated tin-glazed pottery.

    Later, the Dutch East India Company imported a large amount of Chinese porcelain, and the country's pottery decoration completely turned to imitating Chinese blue and white, abandoning the Italian decorative style, and it was completely imitated tin-glazed pottery.

    In addition, there is British pottery production. In the 1650s, tin-glazed pottery manufacturing technology was introduced from the Netherlands to the British region, thus eliminating the production of lead-glazed pottery.  In terms of pottery decoration, British porcelain was influenced by the Wanli blue and white porcelain of the Ming Dynasty in China, and was almost a complete imitation.

    There is no doubt that the porcelain produced in that era can be called alla-porcelana, but in order to distinguish, porcelain produced in different countries and regions have different names.  For example, pottery production in the Netherlands is concentrated in Telford, and its products are called Telford pottery; while German pottery production is best in the Nuremberg area, which is called Nuremberg pottery. The name alla-porcelana is gradually no longer mentioned in these countries and regions. After all,  The names of imitated knock-offs are not pleasant after all.

    Only Venice has always regarded this as an honor. They combined the simplicity and elegance of oriental porcelain with the splendor and nobility of the European porcelain tradition, and specially exported it to France. Before the 16th century, France also widely used lead-glazed pottery technology, alla-porcelana.  Introduced to France, immediately? Generally welcomed by the upper class society.

    What really promoted the climax of alla-porcelana production was that in the early 18th century, French King Louis XIV ordered the palace silverware to be melted down in order to pay for the costs of the Spanish Succession War.  After that, French dignitaries turned to ceramics, and alla-porcelana became popular in Europe. However, the number increased and the value decreased.

    Fortunately, porcelain is thin and fragile and difficult to preserve. In modern times, wars broke out frequently in Europe, and most of the alla-porcelana porcelain was destroyed in the war.

    After entering the industrial age, Europe's scientific and technological strength became more powerful, ceramic craftsmanship also improved, and more, better, more beautiful and more practical porcelain appeared. For example, when the British ceramicist Wedgwood's beige pottery came out, it was immediately popular in the UK and other countries.  Due to the appreciation of the bureaucrats and nobles, tin-glazed pottery has been gradually abandoned since then, and not many people use alla-porcelana. The manufacturing process has gradually been lost, and its value has gradually increased.

    After listening to Little Blake¡¯s introduction, Qin Shiou asked: ¡°Which country are these porcelain alla-porcelana from?¡±

    Little Black smiled and said: "When talking about alla-porcelana now, it refers to traditional imitation porcelain. At that time, porcelain from other countries had other names. I don't know whether these porcelain came from Venice or France. If you want to clearly determine their identity,  You need to remove all the whale oil on it and take a closer look." (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com
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