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- At this time, the Ottoman Empire, like most places around the world, levied taxes that included physical taxes, especially in terms of agricultural taxes, which were almost always levied on grain.
This is the same as the Ming Empire. The agricultural tax of the Ming Empire also levied food, while commercial taxes, customs duties, etc. levied silver. Overall, the Ming Empire has actually developed a currency system based on the silver standard.
The proportion of food taxes in the Ming Empire's tax revenue can be said to be very small, because the Ming Empire has been significantly reducing food taxes for 20 or 30 years.
The current food tax rate is only about one-tenth, which can be said to be very low.
In addition, the price of grain is very cheap, and when converted into silver, the overall proportion is very low. The main source of taxation in the Ming Dynasty is commercial tax and customs duties, which are the most important taxes in the Ming Dynasty.
Naturally, the Ottoman Empire cannot compare with the Ming Empire. The main taxes of the Ottoman Empire are also divided into three parts, agricultural tax, head tax and commercial tax.
Among them, agricultural tax has always been the most important tax revenue of the Ottoman Empire, and it is similar to the Ming Empire. The grain, cloth, cattle, sheep, horses, etc. collected by the Ottoman Empire can also be used to pay the salaries of officials. Officials are not all Those who all receive silver, some receive silver, and some receive in kind.
Therefore, how much grain can be collected is crucial to the rule of the Ottoman Empire. If there is a problem with this large granary in the Danube River Basin, it will be a big problem for the Ottoman Empire.
Of course, it¡¯s not just here in the Danube River Basin. There are problems with grain collection throughout the Ottoman Empire, and the grain collected is greatly reduced.
It¡¯s just because, although the grain has decreased, the tax on silver has increased significantly. The income brought by wool is very good, and the tax on this part has increased very obviously.
¡°Officials in some places even saw business opportunities in this. They sold wool to the Ming Dynasty people to get money, and then purchased grain from the Ming Dynasty people to hand over to the Ottoman Empire treasury.
In this way, you can also earn a good profit from it.
"Sir, because growing food is not cost-effective at all, it is far less cost-effective than raising sheep, so gradually everyone no longer grows food."
Governor Constant also responded quickly and respectfully.
¡°Isn¡¯t it cost-effective to grow food?¡±
When Ibrahim heard this, he said again: "Tell me in detail."
"yes!"
"Sir, based on the land in front of us, if we grow food, we may need thousands or even tens of thousands of farmers. After working hard to grow food for a year, in the end, the food produced may not even cost 1,000 yuan. You can¡¯t even sell it for silver dollars.¡±
"But if it is used for wool, it may only take less than 100 farmers to manage these sheep flocks well. The price of wool that is reduced regularly can be quite good, and the income can exceed 1,500 taels of silver."
"Whoever it was, they would choose not to grow food but to raise sheep."
Governor Constant pointed to the fertile land in front of him and explained the reason to Ibrahim.
"But if everyone raises sheep, what will we eat?"
Ibrahim nodded slightly, thought for a while and then said.
"Eat food, the food of the Ming Dynasty!"
¡°The Ming Dynasty people are the best at growing food. They use a lot of machines to cultivate food. In Crimea, in the north of us, the Ming Dynasty people have countless fertile fields.¡±
¡°In the Ming Dynasty, a farmer can cultivate thousands of acres or tens of thousands of acres of land. The yield of grain is very large, the quality is good, and the price is very cheap.¡±
"We exchanged wool for their food, and there was still a lot of silver left."
Governor Constant smiled and replied.
After hearing this, Ibrahim also felt that it made sense and nodded, but he always felt that something was wrong. There was always a problem in one link.
But at this moment, I couldn¡¯t figure out which link had the problem.
"Sir, in fact, there are very, very few people growing food here now."
¡°Because the food of the Ming Dynasty is very cheap and of good quality, even if it is shipped to us, the price is much cheaper than the food we grow.¡±
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"So no one goes to grow food, especially the nobles and lords here. They are unwilling to grow food. The food they grow cannot be sold, and the price is very high."?The main purpose here is to grow sugar cane to make cane sugar. The Chu State of the Ming Dynasty mainly developed animal husbandry. Relying on the climate of the East African Plateau, the animal husbandry industry developed extremely well. "
"There is also Ningguo in the Ming Dynasty. The climate is very good, and there are many plantings of sugar cane, grain, cotton, and spices."
"The South African colonies of the Ming Dynasty were industrially developed, and they mainly developed industry and manufacturing. The same was true for some colonies and vassal states in the African region of the Ming Dynasty. They relied on local natural conditions and climate and simply planted a few of one or two species. crops to develop the economy.¡±
¡°This is called adapting measures to local conditions!¡±
Governor Constant was actually one of the few Ottomans who had an extremely in-depth study of the Ming Empire. This made Ibrahim on the side couldn't help but look at him with admiration.
This is a talented person. He actually knows so many things. He knows many aspects of the Ming Empire and can sum up a lot of things from it.
¡°What you said still makes sense, but I always feel like there¡¯s something wrong somewhere.¡±
Ibrahim thought about it and nodded, but he always felt that there seemed to be something unclear here.
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