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It has snowed more than once in Dihua (Urumqi). The cold winter here has prevented the heavy snowfalls from melting. Thick snowdrifts are everywhere, and the entire city is shrouded in snow.
As the ruler who has controlled Xinjiang for more than ten years, Yang Zengxin has gone from governor to governor to military governor. His titles have been constantly changed with the changes in national power, but his reputation as the king of the northwest cannot be replaced by anyone.
To be honest, in terms of merits and demerits, he maintained stability in Xinjiang during the political turmoil around the early years of the Republic of China. Considering that Xinjiang's geographical location has made it a target of aggression between Britain and Russia since the late Qing Dynasty, and considering that Mongolia was later drawn out of the territory of the Republic of China, under the circumstances at that time, he made considerable contributions to maintaining the territorial integrity of Xinjiang. It deserves a page in history.
At this time, in the lobby of the Governor's Mansion, there were many people of all kinds sitting around, listening to a speech by a man who was foaming at the mouth.
"We in Xinjiang have not been affected by the change of central government since the late Qing Dynasty: when the dynasty changed, we listened to President Yuan Da, and later listened to President Li and President Xu. After listening, when it comes to specific matters, it is still us. It has the final say. The Russians and the British have not gotten any favors from us, so why can a young boy give orders to the governor! When it comes to suppressing bandits, the White Russian army was defeated by us, and the Black Lama was blocked by us in the east. Outside of the Pass (Hami), we have fulfilled our duty to defend the territory. As for the rest, that is what the central government should do! Anyway, we are incapable of leaving the Pass to fight."
The person who spoke was Jin Shuren, the Chief of Government Affairs Department. He was a ruthless character. Yang Zengxin was able to securely sit on the throne of military governor because of his help.
Jin Shuren¡¯s words spoke to Yang Zengxin¡¯s psychology. He was not a master willing to stay under others for a long time. Of course, he has been able to sit firmly in Xinjiang for decades, and he has his own tricks. His military achievements are worth recalling again and again.
After the "February Revolution" and "October Revolution" in Russia in 1917, the tribes in Central Asia that originally belonged to the Romanov dynasty of Tsarist Russia fell into a state of anarchy. About 300,000 Kazakh and Kyrgyz refugees have flowed into Xinjiang. In addition, a large number of fleeing White Russians entered Xinjiang to avoid the pursuit of the Red Army, numbering as many as 50,000. These soldiers are brutal in nature, well-equipped, dare to fight and kill, and commit all kinds of evil.
Yang Zengxin realized that "Although the White Russian forces were not enough to resist Soviet Russia, they were more than enough to disrupt Xinjiang." But how could he be the husband of Feng He, a violent tiger? He adopted various tactics to defeat him, trying to get the most stubborn General Alenkov to become addicted to opium, destroy his fighting spirit, and win without a fight; for the others, he entertained them with songs, dances, and fine wines, and unknowingly let them down All disarmed. General Yang's gentle sword is really powerful!
If we say that for the overwhelmingly numerous White Russians, Yang Zengxin lured the enemy in, closed the door and beat the dogs; but for the "black lama" Danbijia, Yang Zengxin was not so polite. This Gobi hero who became famous after capturing Khovd, was later captured by Tsarist Russia and exiled to Astrakhan, took advantage of the turmoil in Russia to escape back. When he asked Yang Zengxin for political asylum, Yang Zengxin refused almost without thinking.
¡° Allowing Danbijia to enter the country is tantamount to raising tigers, and it is impossible for Yang Zengxin not to understand this. At the same time, he issued an urgent secret order to the Eastern Xinjiang Border Guard (Hami), strictly ordering that the door for "black lamas" to enter Xinjiang westward must be secured. In the end, Danbijia participated in the whole life and was unable to enter Xinjiang. This is his contribution.
Now, Zhang Hanqing wants them to send troops to suppress the bandits, which is beyond their capabilities. In the past, they could just say "powerless to attack" with a stroke of a pen, but now they are facing Zhang Hanqing, and they have to be cautious.
He is the young commander of the Northeastern Army, the commander-in-chief of the Northwest People's Army, the patrol envoy to Shaanxi and Gansu and the governor of Gansu. He has just pacified Mongolia, defeated the Eighth Route Army in Gansu, Ningxia, and Qinghai, and made all the warlords retreat without success in Shaanxi, including Wu Peifu. It is when you are young and famous, and you are full of ambitions, you have to pay attention.
¡° Moreover, his father Zhang Zuolin also served as the Mongolian Economic and Strategic Envoy, and was nominally Yang Zengxin¡¯s boss.
Yang Zengxin had 10,000 objections to leaving the border to fight. Even if Zhang Zuolin came in person, he would still have a lot to say. If you are not strong enough, that is the best bet. But for Zhang Hanqing, he was still careful.
"After the disarmament of the Xinjiang provinces, it is difficult to stick to one province, but it is insufficient to send troops abroad. The young commander has strong soldiers and strong ambitions to reach the northwest. This is a blessing for the people but a loss for the bandits. If he is young, The commander-in-chief personally visited the enemy, and Yang is willing to collect food and fodder for his attack, so that the commander-in-chief will not have any logistical worries." This was the message that Yang Zengxin had been thinking about for a long time before replying.
Zhang Hanqing knows a lot about Yang Zengxin. He is a very complicated person.
He has the means to govern Xinjiang. In terms of domestic affairs, Yang Zengxin implemented Lao Tzu's ""Government by doing" and the belief that "unruly people grow up to be ancient people". Some political and financial reforms have been made, including more efficient adjustments to the organizational structure, making it easier for Xinjiang to be controlled by Dihua. In addition, rectification of officialdom and crackdown on excessive , rewarded land reclamation, greatly increased fiscal revenue, implemented disarmament, and maintained a long period of stability and peace. However, Yang Zengxin made less achievements in economic and cultural aspects. Although Xinjiang was able to maintain stability and was loved by many local people, Lack of modernization and development.
In terms of ethnic and religious policies, he adopted a policy of containment to prevent unrest. On the one hand, it seeks to win over and support the upper-class princes of various ethnic groups, and to keep the various groups in check with each other, and also try to keep them in check among ethnic minorities and Hui Han; in terms of religion, the principle of non-interference in general religious activities is followed, but The government has strengthened the management of mosques and Islamic colleges in the hope of maintaining the status quo of local Islam, using religion to assist in the maintenance of social order, and preventing the influence of external religious forces.
Externally, he has repeatedly fought for rights from Russia and Britain, including protecting overseas Chinese in Russia and requiring British and Russian businessmen to pay taxes. He can be regarded as a promising warlord.
Overall, in terms of merit, his merits outweigh his faults. Therefore, no matter how the central government changes, they have not intervened in Xinjiang affairs. This is of course due to the fact that it is too far away, but also because of its great prestige. A rash replacement may cause instability on the border. This has also caused him to become a de facto separatist force, speculative in the current overt and covert struggles between the various factions in the central government.
¡°However, no matter how many conspiracies and tricks, they are no match for absolute strength. Once Zhang Hanqing decided to send troops to Xinjiang, all his rhetoric seemed so ridiculous for this purpose. Almost at the same time as receiving the telegram, Zhang Hanqing sent a second telegram:
"Since it is inconvenient for Governor Yang to mobilize troops, Xueliang will not force others to do anything. He will personally lead two divisions to suppress the bandits. However, transportation in the northwest is inconvenient, and logistical supplies really require Governor Yang's strong support. Governor Yang understands the righteousness so well, I have a lot of admiration for the scholar. The 'Silk Road' has become smooth again, and Governor Yang's achievements are comparable to those of Duke Zuo Wenxiang."
Yang Zengxin was not at all happy about being praised. Zuo Zongtang¡¯s great contribution was to regain Xinjiang. This metaphor of the young marshal is very meaningful! Fortunately, Zhang Hanqing only asked for logistical supplies during the suppression of bandits. As long as his ambition was not in Xinjiang, this request could be met in any case. Therefore, Yang Zengxin sent a telegram to the Hami garrison: "Prepare sufficient food and fodder for Fengjun, but he is not allowed to enter the customs without permission." (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com