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Chapter 447 Establishing a government office

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    When he responded again, Zhang Hanqing clearly felt the respect he received.

    Once upon a time, he was just a young marshal in a complete sense attached to Zhang Zuolin. Now, he has become an out-and-out young marshal, a young commander-in-chief.

    However, speaking of it, he, the governor of Gansu, may be the only governor in the history of the Republic of China who is not in office.

    During his absence for half a year, the Northwest People's Army remained unmoved. Han Linchun, Wang Yizhe and others would continuously report major military and political affairs in the Northwest to the Marshal's Office.  Zhang Hanqing was able to get rewards at the fastest speed and get a certain degree of analysis for all major and minor incidents, including those involving the Feng clan, which surprised Zhang Zuolin.

    The Marshal¡¯s Office played a huge role, and Lin Wei, Chen Bulei, Gao Jiyi and others made great contributions.

    In addition to the Northwest People's Army being his private territory, the Fengjun in Guan Nei also tended to follow the Young Marshal's stick because of Guo Songling's arrival.  In Guannei, because Jiang Deng was selected as the commander of the very important 27th Division, his influence is also increasing day by day. Anyway, within the 27th Division, some structures have begun to align with the People's Army.

    The scope of authority of the Northeast Aviation Police Office is also expanding.  Zhang Hanqing, citing his busy official duties, formally suggested that Shen Honglie be appointed as the commander of the Kyrgyzstan-Heilongjiang Defense Fleet.  Entrusted by Zhang Hanqing, Lin Wei has been studying the principles of amphibious force construction in various countries around the world, and an experimental amphibious regiment has been formed.  If nothing else goes wrong, Zhang Hanqing's reply was to comprehensively expand the army of the Aviation Police Department.

    Because he was not familiar with the navy, and the Ji-Heijiang Defense Fleet only had a few broken ships, Zhang Zuolin didn't take a fancy to them.  His focus was on the Army, and he was really too lazy to take care of this mess, so he placed the Aviation Police Division of the Patrol Mission under the jurisdiction of Zhang Hanqing and established a third division in the Marshal's Office.

    Zhang Hanqing was very happy about this.  He has already done research on whether the country's military development will be dominated by land power or sea power after the establishment of a unified country in the Northeast and even in the future.  While still in college, he had already studied Mahan's theory of sea power and Douhet's theory of air power.  In his opinion, starting from the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was both a wise move and a last resort to move from land to sea.

    China has a long coastline, and defending the sea by land is obviously a waste of people and money. This can be seen from the fact that the late Qing Dynasty had a huge army but was repeatedly defeated by the cannons and ships of the few foreign powers.  However, developing the navy cannot be accomplished overnight: the navy is a highly technical branch. On the vast sea, finding opportunities first and controlling the enemy with firepower cannot be left to chance.  China's industrial capabilities and financial strength are not yet up to the task of building a powerful navy.

    A battleship alone is worth 10 million silver dollars, enough to arm an army of 100,000 men.  It is not easy to defeat the Japanese navy, which has been developed for decades, at sea.  Not only is the current strength of the Fengjun army still far away from reunifying China, even in the northeastern base camp, the Japanese have penetrated into the heart and dare not drive them away.

    "To achieve balanced development of land and sea and to have the most powerful power is currently beyond the financial and material resources of any country."  From the perspective of military geography, each country has a different geographical situation. It should choose the most favorable geographical situation and strive to develop a single military service, supplemented by the other two services.  For example: Germany's geographical situation was suitable for the development of land power, so it became a land power in the 20th century; Britain and Japan were island countries suitable for the development of sea power, and Britain could take advantage of it and devote itself to developing sea power. In the 17th and 18th centuries,  It became a sea power hegemon in the 19th century, and its sea power strength cannot be underestimated to this day. Japan advanced land power and sea power simultaneously, but ended up being defeated in the war.  This violates one of Ma's important maxims: "A country cannot develop both land and sea power at the same time."

    For China, because it has long been a typical land-based country, it lacks the tradition of maritime expansion.  Therefore, when planning national military development and strategy, it is Germany that can provide reference for Zhang Hanqing and others, rather than Japan, which is separated by the sea and is worshiped as a disciple by the Chinese.

    Before the Franco-Prussian War, Germany, like Italy, was just a geographical term. It consisted of dozens of feudal states and was not a unified country.  Germany took advantage of modernization as an opportunity and used nation-state as its slogan. In just a dozen years, it became a powerful country in Europe and even the world. It was indeed attractive to China at that time.  Germany's geographical location is in the middle of Europe. From a military point of view, it is the land of the four wars. Its geographical advantages are not as good as those of China.  In terms of geopolitics, the ultimate development direction and national positioning of continental countries and maritime countries cannot be the same.  Therefore, Japan has no reference significance for China, but the experience of Germany and the oppression suffered by other powers in modern times have a lot of reference content for China.

    Since the current construction of the navy is unrealistic, Zhang Hanqing turned his attention to the air power theory of another military strategist Du Hei.

    Duhei¡¯s theory of empty power??The originator of the new concept of air superiority, and strongly advocated the establishment of a strong and independent air force, changing the pattern of war; the world that used Mercator projection maps in the past has been replaced by polar-centered projection maps, Tianlu  With the coming of the era, the geographical barriers of the Arctic are meaningless, the Arctic region has become the center of air power, and Alaska has become a shortcut between Asia and the United States. The concept of air power has broken the previous distinction between the front line and the rear; the shape of war  The situation evolved into a national war prepared for war.

    Before the 1920s and 1930s, the world was still stuck in the era of giant ships and cannons, and its understanding of the air force was far from a strategic level. At this time, all countries were at the same starting line in terms of aircraft construction levels.  However, Zhang Hanqing was deeply aware of the huge power of the air force. He arranged for Feng Yong to pay attention to the development progress of this area two years ago.

    Since the Wright brothers built the first airplane, due to the limitations of the industrial level at that time, the subsequent airplanes did not have much improvement. Not only did they have short range, but they were also inconvenient to maintain. They did not make much achievements in civilian and military applications.  In the late World War I, military aircraft were mostly used for reconnaissance or transportation. The so-called fighters had machine guns installed in the front of the aircraft, while bombers were limited by engine thrust and could carry very little ammunition, so they were of little use.

    In the early days, seaplanes and landplanes developed at the same time.  In the 1930s, water jets developed very rapidly. Long-distance and intercontinental flights were almost monopolized by water jets. Regular passenger flights across the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean were also opened.

    It can be said that China¡¯s aviation industry was not too late. Historically, on August 9, 1919, China successfully trial-produced its first seaplane, the "A-type No. 1".  This is a 100-horsepower, towed twin-barrel, bi-wing water training aircraft, 3.88 meters high, 9.32 meters long, 13.70 meters wide, with a maximum speed of 126 kilometers per hour, an empty weight of 836 kilograms, a load of 1063 kilograms, and fuel.  It has a capacity of 114 liters, a flight altitude of 3,690 meters, a navigation capacity of 3 hours, a range of 340 kilometers, a crew of 2, and can carry 4 bombs.  The performance and quality of the aircraft are no worse than those previously built by Bayama and others at Mecotis, Nengyong and Boeing 3.

    With a good foundation, Bole is still needed to excavate and cultivate it.  In order to pool limited resources together to achieve greater achievements, at Zhang Hanqing's suggestion, a fourth office was added under the Marshal's Office: the Northeast Air Force Preparatory Office, with Feng Yong as the director.

    What the Air Force is, I guess Zhang Zuolin has never seen it with his own eyes.  Not only him, but probably the generals on the front lines of World War I would not think that this kind of thing made up of several pieces of wood would play a subversive role in future wars.  The power of the Air Force was not recognized until World War II.

    ¡°However, Zhang Hanqing believes that it is necessary to reserve talents first, and relevant information and management methods also need to be planned.  In this era, no country regards the air force as a major branch of arms. It is all under the banner of the navy and the army.  At this time, no country has a formed doctrine on air force construction, and Douhet's "On Air Power" will not be published until next year.

    Feng Yong has been quietly invisible since Feng Delin was frustrated. Although he officially served as Zhang Zuolin's counselor, everyone knows what role he can play with Zhang Hanqing, a "senior counselor".

    "But Zhang Hanqing is very optimistic about him.  In addition to the fact that he single-handedly promoted the Fengtian Air Force in history, his integrity in making promises is also impressive.  You must know that in order to save Feng Delin from the fire and water, he entered into a marriage contract with Jiang Chaozong's ugly daughter.  In the end, Jiang Chaozong did not play any role in the rescue of Feng Delin, and Feng Yong resolutely married Jiang Jin|tao.

    That day, Zhang Hanqing personally came to congratulate her and found that the bride was really ugly.

    Comparing with Yu Fengzhi and Huang Wanqing, there is no sense of happiness without comparison, so Zhang Hanqing was in awe of Feng Yong.  If a man who can be so cruel to himself has an idea in his career, he will definitely do it to his death.

    Feng Yong's performance did not disappoint Zhang Hanqing: he managed to recruit Liu Zuocheng, who was appointed as the captain of the aviation brigade by the Beiyang government and was hailed as the first generation aircraft manufacturer in China, and did everything possible to make the first water jet from the original  A group of technicians were recruited from Mawei Shipyard in Fujian, the production site, and the first aviation school of the Republic of China, "Qinhuangdao Air Force School", was established on the banks of the Qinglong River in Qinhuangdao outside the customs. Liu Zuocheng was the principal. At that time, there were a total of 2 water jets.

    At that time, the air force under the direct control of Sun Liechen had only three land planes and several airboats, which could carry out the task of dropping bombs.  Although the number is a bit ridiculous, it is the only one in China.

    Although the cost of building an airplane at that time was expensive, it was not unacceptable.  Nowadays, there is money from the Fengxian family, it¡¯s just a question of how to spend it secretly.  Zhang Hanqing secretly established the First Squadron of the Air Force and planned to build 12 land and water aircraft prototypes in the early stage. In addition to training pilots, they will continue to improve to ensure the ability to update technology.

    In addition, the original guard's room was changed to the fifth guard office, the adjutant's office was changed to the sixth adjutant's office, and the six departments under the marshal's office became a unit at the same level as the eight inspection offices.  These positions are not recognized by the central government.

    "Blooming in all directions and bearing fruit in all directions, Zhang Hanqing wants to gather these forces into a fist."  Of course, they are unified under their own command.  (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com)?? position, that is the rhythm of establishing government agencies, although these positions are not recognized by the central government.

    "Blooming in all directions and bearing fruit in all directions, Zhang Hanqing wants to gather these forces into a fist."  Of course, they are unified under their own command.  (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com
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