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Chapter 426 Attracting Investment

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    At this time, Zhang Zuolin left Beijing and returned to Fengfeng. Sun Liechen, the governor-general of Guan Neifeng, was stationed in Tianjin.  At Zhang Hanqing's suggestion, Guo Songling was transferred to the post of Chief of General Staff of the Fengjun in Guan Nei and was fully responsible for the reorganization and training of the Feng Army in Guan Nei in accordance with the Northwest People's Army model.  Although the People's Army is developing rapidly, Fengjun is still his foundation. The two armies will eventually merge, so let's do it slowly from now on.

    Sun Liechen was as close to him as a family, so he started to transform his army first. First, with Sun Liechen's influence, there would be minimal backlash. Second, he was nearby and could easily obtain nearby support.

    ¡°We already have mature experience in reorganizing the army, and Guo Songling¡¯s ability is reassuring.

    Because of him, he had the opportunity to escape and use his status as a young marshal to frequently contact business people in the north to introduce the Northeast's financial policies and attract investment.

    ?According to the experience of later generations, opening up to the outside world is the way to strengthen a country.  After more than 2,000 years of feudalism, China has established a complete and powerful natural economy. With the family as the production unit, land as the main production data, and the self-sufficiency of products, the natural economy can operate on a very small scale.  The formation of a complete system and independent development became an economic factor that enabled the warlords of the Republic of China to separatist power according to provinces.

    At that time, China experienced a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society for more than half a century, forming a large number of landlords and gentry merchants with strong natural economic characteristics. Their development was generally within a small geographical scope, and they did not have enough access to the national market.  interests, and use trade unions and chambers of commerce within their sphere of influence to boycott foreign economies.

    During the Revolution of 1911, they were worried that their existing interests would be infringed, and they were afraid of the Republic of China government's land reform and restrictions on the development of private capital, so they sought protection by supporting powerful local figures.  Their indifference to the unification of the national market and their desire for a stable production environment and certain political privileges have made them powerful supporters of local warlords' rule and one of their sources of income.

    Even some far-sighted national capitalists only open factories and industries in their own townships, counties, and provinces. It is rare to see large companies that cross provincial boundaries.  Coupled with the disputes among warlords in various places, security factors not only became an important assessment for businessmen traveling far away, but also became an incentive for warlords to implement closed autonomy in controlled areas to prevent external infiltration. For example, the small train built by Yan Xishan in Shanxi was an example.

    This economic situation, although it had a favorable side in the subsequent Anti-Japanese War - various regions were less affected by external blockades and could fight on their own.  There is also a disadvantage - with small capital, it is difficult to form a large scale, and it is difficult to make breakthroughs in major industries or form a complete industrial base. This led to the fourteen-year war of resistance, repeated resistance and defeat.  This situation is what Zhang Hanqing does not want to see.

    What¡¯s more important is that the Northeast New Deal has entered a critical period, with a lot of waste and huge investment in basic economic construction.  Although such infrastructure construction is an inevitable choice for economic take-off, the waste of money is not something that Northeast China's finances can bear in the short term.  There are also state-owned factories and mines built by the government, and the investment is even more staggering. In the two years since its establishment, the Northeastern United Provincial Autonomous Government has issued nearly 500 million yuan in treasury bonds, which is still unable to meet the sharply expanding financial investment needs.

    Isn¡¯t there still a lot of gold that is useless?  As long as the gold is exchanged in the international market, won't the money come?  The main consideration is that the money was "unjust", just like serial banknotes stolen from the bank. It must be broken into parts and consumed bit by bit.  Although the Fengxi government also does this, after all, delaying the situation will not help the situation.

    Of the 300 tons of gold that Zhang Hanqing robbed after being transported to Shenyang, not much is left: 100 tons are used as currency issuance reserves, 5 tons are used to expand the Shenyang arsenal, 30 tons are reserved for the construction of six railways, and 30 tons are reserved for iron ore, coal mining and other industries.  More than 70 tons were used in successive investments, more than 30 tons were used in highway and water conservancy construction, 3 tons were used in tractor factories, and 5 tons were used in supporting factories.  20 tons were used to build the Tianjin Automobile Factory within the customs, and 5 tons were used to build the new Tangshan Machine Tool Factory.  These have all become shares in Northeast Industrial Bank or Bank of Communications, and are in their own hands.  The remaining part has been reserved as funds for building universities and popularizing compulsory education.

    And even if there is a huge amount of gold in hand, for such a large country, it is not feasible to rely on the Feng family to support the road of industrialization.  If we want to create huge changes in a short period of time, all walks of life must work together.  What Zhang Hanqing can do is to use huge sums of money to guide the development of the industry and serve as the Optimus Prime for financial stability.

    Therefore, when Liu Shangqing came to Guannei, several Fengtian financial experts issued industrial bonds worth 500 million yuan in Tianjin, with an expected annual interest rate of 6%. Liang Shiyi, Zhu Qiqian, Xiong Xiling, Zhang Hanqing, etc. served as the initiators of the subscription, and the momentum was  Quite vast.

    Liang Shiyi and Zhu Qiqian, the two heads of the old Communications Department, one a spiritual leader and the other a powerful faction, both moved closer to the Feng Faction. Zhu Qiqian even condescended to serve as the Qin Emperor under the leadership of the Feng Clan.The mayor of the island is surprising.  In addition, Xiong Xiling, who was highly respected in the political circles of the Republic of China, also joined with a concern for the country and the people. This is a trend in itself.

    As Zhang Hanqing said at the pre-subscription publicity conference: "(This subscription) is to raise idle funds from society, concentrate on building several enterprises with certain competitiveness, and can bring vitality to the national industry, and blaze a trail for China  It is a path for people to constantly strive for self-improvement and develop rapidly. We work together and move in the same direction. With more people, we have greater strength. Let the world see that the Chinese people are by no means a piece of loose sand, and we will definitely be strong!"

    The federal provincial autonomous government where the Fengtian clan is located (due to geographical expansion, the original Northeastern autonomous government has long been replaced) served as a guarantee and assumed the entire remaining amount of the bond issuance.  In fact, this time is just a test of the waters. The Fengxi Group is fully capable of undertaking the subscription. It just wants to let China's private capital, especially national capitalists, see a direction for business operations.

    The traditional strength of China¡¯s national capitalists lies in light industry, but what Zhang Hanqing urgently needs is a breakthrough in heavy industry.  Generally speaking, the advancement of heavy industry directly brings about changes in military industry.  Since the Industrial Revolution, Britain has used steam engines to replace manpower, causing epoch-making progress, and traveled thousands of miles across the ocean to defeat the Chinese Manchu Empire, which had been at the forefront of the world for two thousand years; Japan's Meiji Restoration fully westernized and used European advanced technology to  China developed artillery and giant ships, defeated world powers (Manchu Qing Dynasty and Russia) twice, and jumped out of Asia and entered Europe, becoming a recognized power in Asia.  According to Zhang Hanqing's thinking, heavy industry should be put first and then light industry. This is also the reason why after the founding of New China, the heavy industry layout was prioritized according to the Soviet Union.

    However, later on, the Soviet Union became militaristic. Although its military strength surpassed that of the United States and became a superpower, its people lived in poverty, which indirectly led to the disintegration of the country.  Zhang Hanqing would naturally not play to this extent, but if he wanted to gain a firm foothold in the Northeast and grow stronger, heavy industry had to be his first choice.  The strength or investment vision of private capital simply does not allow it and dare not touch this area. However, the government has the need but does not have the money to do much.

    In fact, Japan really wants to participate in the Northeast New Deal. It has also actively attracted military and political officials from the Northeast to increase the shareholding ratio of Japanese capital and have the final say.

    But unlike his previous life, Zhang Zuolin was very sensitive to Japan's economic investment at home, seeing the strength of the Feng clan.  Important figures in the Fengcian financial circles headed by Zhang Zuolin insisted that enterprises affiliated to the Northeastern United Provincial Autonomous Government should hold controlling rights in the enterprise, so that Japanese businessmen could invest and make profits, and various restrictions were imposed on investment projects.  With Zhang Zuolin's reputation and influence, the Fengxian government was very tight-lipped in dealing with Japanese economic penetration.

    Japanese businessmen adhere to the will of the government and will certainly not give money to the Northeast government to develop the economy in vain.  Since the Japanese government established the "South Manchuria Railway Co., Ltd." in Dalian in April 1907, this company not only directly operates the South Manchuria Railway, but is also a huge monopoly enterprise engaged in coal, timber, steel, chemicals, electricity, shipping,  Construction, post and telecommunications, farms and culture and education.  There are more than 80 large-scale enterprises under it, with a total investment of 370 million yuan in 1919.  The Agricultural Affairs Section of the Ministry of Agriculture under the Society first built agricultural experimental fields in Gongzhuling and Xiongyue along the South Manchuria Railway, then set up bean nurseries in Kaiyuan and Datun, and built agricultural fields in Dayushu, Tieling, Zhengjiatun (today's Liaoyuan), Hailong and other places.  The canal leveled the land and opened up large areas for rice cultivation.  Direct profit is feasible, but making wedding clothes for others is not the national character of the Japanese.

    Since the Northeastern United Provinces Autonomous Government has received less funds from Japan, it is imperative to attract investment to the northern part of the mainland.

    For a time, Zhang Hanqing showed his grace and grace in the foreign markets ten miles away from Beijing and Tianjin.  He contacted a large number of people in the northern industrial and business circles to introduce the political and economic development of Northeast China in order to attract investment.  Since it is communication, it is inevitable to sacrifice one's appearance for the country.  Because he often stayed in theaters and dance halls, he won the nickname of "the four most beautiful men of the Republic of China" together with Yuan Kewen (Yuan Shikai's son), Pu Dong (the younger brother of the late Qing emperor Pu Yi), and Zhang Boju (Zhang Zhenfang's son).

    Zhang Hanqing One of the main directions of industrial construction in Northeast China was the extraction of raw materials, mainly mining. The industry at that time used coal mines as the main fuel, so the coal output can show the degree of industrialization.  Although the Northeast has relatively abundant mineral deposits, by the end of the second year in 1919, Northeast coal production only reached 20 million tons, which was only close to the level of Japan in 1913 after the Meiji Restoration (21.3 million tons).

    In addition, there is a lack of relatively professional talents and equipment. Iron smelting, steelmaking and steel rolling technology are still in their primitive stages. Major technologies that restrict transportation and military industry, such as motorcycle and automobile manufacturing, are basically zero. This is why Zhang Hanqing will actively introduce Dodge cars.  The driving force: Zhang Hanqing was depressed when he thought that his Feng Army still mainly relies on mules and horses for heavy transportation, such as the 75mm Krupp Mountain Cannon (or 75mm Bofors Mountain Cannon), which is the main firepower support at the division level in the Fengjun Army.  ), its weight, which is nothing in modern times (only about 1.4 tons), requires the pulling power of 6 horses, as well as the transportation of manpower, artillery shells, people and horse supplies, all of which cause huge logistical problems.

    If mechanical traction is used, the above problems will be solved.  (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com)The pulling power of ?, as well as the transportation of manpower, artillery shells, people and horses, all caused huge logistical problems.

    If mechanical traction is used, the above problems will be solved.  (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com
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