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The "Anmeng Army" has stabilized the situation. At noon that day, Guo Songling issued a notice to calm the people and imposed martial law throughout the city of Kulun.
With the help of bayonets, Zhang Hanqing drove away the incompetent Chen Yi, the plenipotentiary representative of the Beijing government in Toronto and who also fueled the Mongolian independence incident, hijacked the "Cabinet Prime Minister" Badma Dorzi, and placed Jebzundamba under house arrest. Living Buddha, fully negate the "China-Russia Statement". On August 28, under pressure from Zhang Hanqing, the Parliament of Outer Mongolia formally submitted a petition to President Xu Shichang of the Republic of China, requesting the abolition of all treaties between Russia and Mongolia and the return of all Mongolia to China.
The next day, the Beijing government of the Republic of China ordered the cancellation of Outer Mongolia's autonomy in the form of the "China President's Announcement", and also canceled the "China-Russia Statement" and the "Kyakhta Agreement." At the same time, at the suggestion of Zhang Hanqing, the commander-in-chief of the "An-Meng Army", the Beijing government will officially establish Mongolia as a province and call it "Mongolia Province of the Republic of China", and transfer Wang Shuhan, deputy governor of Jilin Province, to be promoted to governor.
Zhang Zuolin treated Zhang Hanqing, who led troops in battle for the first time, with great courtesy: the soldiers of the "Anmeng Army" who participated in this battle were each credited with merit once, and several major marshal officers were promoted to one rank: Zhang Hanqing was promoted to lieutenant general due to his merit (previously After successfully suppressing the bandits, he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General. Of course, he was not appointed by the Central Committee, but this did not prevent him from adding a star on his shoulder. He became the youngest Lieutenant General since the Republic of China. Guo Songling, Mi Chunlin, and Ji Yiqiao were all officially promoted to lieutenant general, but Wang Yizhe was promoted to lieutenant general, and Zhang Chengde was promoted from colonel to major general (the rank of cavalry brigade commander and artillery brigade commander was the same). The head of the regiment is a colonel).
On the recommendation of Zhang Hanqing, Ji Yiqiao was given the important task of garrisoning Mongolia as a veteran of the Republic of China. A few days later, the Central Committee appointed Ji Yiqiao to be stationed in Outer Mongolia. Ji was appointed commander of the Mongolian Security Command and Wang Shuhan as provincial governor. Since then, there has been no distance between Northeast China and Northwest China, and Zhang Zuolin has administered 7 provinces and autonomous regions.
While Zhang Hanqing was electrifying the Central Committee, he also received recognition from the Sun Yat-sen Protector Military and Government in the South. In the spirit of national justice, Sun Yat-sen ignored the opposition within the Kuomintang and sent a congratulatory message. He praised Zhang Hanqing in a high-profile manner and did not hesitate to posthumously praise him: "Hanqing's contribution to the recovery of Mongolia was greater than that of Fu Jiezi and Chen Tang. Public opinion cannot be denied!"
Thousands of Mongolian-speaking cadres from the Northeastern United Provincial Autonomous Government and the People's Party followed one after another and began the long-thought-out Mongolian reform. One of the key points of this reform was the emancipation of serfs.
On the vast grasslands, only a small group of princes and nobles actually own the means of production. The vast majority of herdsmen live in poverty and hunger. If this is the case, why do we still allow these upper-level people to continue to live in a state of idleness and become fattened as sinners who split the country and the nation? Zhang Hanqing has rich experience in "New People's Land Reform". Although the operation models of prairie and black land are different, the principles are similar. He has witnessed and empathized with the boundless enthusiasm of farmers in the Northeast for a few acres of land. Who can guarantee that the Mongolian herdsmen will not be grateful to the Northeastern United Provincial Autonomous Government for this? At that time, the Mongolian people welcomed Mao Mao with singing and dancing. The famous song "The Sun That Rises and Never Sets on the Grassland" that he had heard since childhood really sung the aspirations of the Mongolian people. Isn't the reason for the liberation? Taking advantage of the fact that many upper-class Mongolians were participating in Outer Mongolia's autonomy, Zhang Hanqing decided to take the opportunity to mobilize the herdsmen and overthrow these unreliable powerful factions.
Zhang Hanqing also established the Mongolian Provincial Department of the People's Party in Mongolia. With the assistance of the party and government elites who came to support him, he quickly and vigorously launched a "three-anti movement" of "anti-separatism, anti-hunger, and anti-oppression". The People's Party mobilized the people to report the Mongolian separatists and the powerful family members who had committed many crimes. The poor herders who had no means of livelihood were given their cattle and sheep. The "An-Meng Army" built execution grounds and cells on Langjuxu Mountain. A large number of upper-class people who participated in Mongolian autonomy were deprived of their property and thrown into prison. The leading ones were even sentenced to death.
In the past month to the end of September, the Mongolian provincial government executed nearly two hundred people on charges of separatism, counterrevolution, etc., and ransacked their homes, imprisoned, and exiled nearly a thousand people. This is extremely horrifying in Mongolia, a province with a very small population.
The Mongolian provincial government headed by Wang Shuhan has done a lot of construction and strengthened Chinese cultural education: introducing vegetables, building roads, setting up banks, launching daily newspapers, etc. In order to overcome the weakness of individual herdsmen, the government also established the Animal Husbandry Department based on the situation in Mongolia. In addition to leading the herdsmen to organize mutual rescue societies and develop animal husbandry, it also organized the purchase of sheep skins, goat skins, cow skins, and horse skins. , camel skin, as well as a large amount of wool, cashmere, etc. are sold to inland China to support finances and family life.
It is necessary to talk about the Mutual Rescue Association, which is the predecessor of the ranch. In order to overcome the situation that single-family herdsmen are unable to resist or lack the ability to bear the frequent natural disasters such as ice and snow on the Mongolian plateau, the People's Party has widely mobilized herdsmen to establish collective ranches in various places, which are the lowest administrative units. In this way, the living conditions of the herdsmen who join the membership can be guaranteed, and theInconvenient transportation, centrifugation is only a matter of time. Think about how later China spent huge sums of money to build the Sichuan-Tibet, Qinghai-Tibet, Yunnan-Tibet, and Xinjiang-Tibet highways under extreme geographical conditions for Tibet, which has a population of three million, as well as the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, which is called the "Sky Road". Exploration and four other railroads have been built. In any case, the conditions in Mongolia are far better than those in Tibet, and we cannot afford to be careless.
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