You can search for "Young Marshal's Spring and Autumn Period Through the Republic of China" on Baidu to find the latest chapters!
This question is somewhat interesting.
As we all know, after the founding of the Republic of China, the Western world, mainly Europe and the United States, quickly recognized its legitimacy. It's not that they have good intentions, but that they believe that an "organized" China will make it easier for them to obtain greater economic benefits, just like the Empress Dowager Cixi who went to war with the Eight Powers but still obtained "understanding" from the Eight Power Allied Forces after the war.
But in any case, the Republic of China is already a country in the full sense: it has a president, a parliament (although it is more formal), a national defense force that occupies a dominant position - the Beiyang Army, and a military force that commands the submission of all parties. Government|Government.
Even after the farce of Emperor Hong Xian, the successors President Li Yuanhong and Prime Minister Duan Qirui still restored the name of the Beiyang Government. However, the group of Beiyang warlords who were originally tied together by Yuan Shikai have gradually divided into many individual investors, and the split between the two major factions of Zhizhi and Anhui has emerged.
Considering that all parties were in unison against Yuan, Sun Yixian had the opportunity to set up another military government to protect the country in Guangdong, and Cai E's Yunnan National Guard Army was de facto independent. But in name, the Republic of China is still a country. What everyone is protesting is that Lao Yuan proclaimed himself emperor instead of establishing a new central government. This point is not objectionable by all parties at home and abroad. The instructor's words seemed to test his country's overall situation.
Zhang Hanqing is confident: "The so-called modern countries, without exception, have independent foreign affairs, judiciary, customs and territorial integrity. China is far behind in this regard - weak countries have no diplomacy, no independent judiciary, and customs are all there. Under the control of the British, the management of the central government in the southwest and northwest areas was beyond its reach. Even within the Beiyang Army, military power was mostly concentrated in the hands of provincial governors. At critical times, the central government still had to look at the governors if it wanted to mobilize troops. Li's expression showed that the military power was not completely unified.
If a country cannot achieve the unification of political and military orders internally, it cannot be a country in the full sense. Just like the relationship between the princes and the Emperor of Zhou, during the period when the Eastern Zhou Dynasty was called a country, there were two major periods: the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. era. The Emperor Zhou was nominally the supreme ruler of China at that time, but his words could not get out of Luoyi. The modern Republic of China has the same story, and its performance is obvious to all - since the founding of the Republic of China, each province has been a de facto independent military and political system. The current system of the Republic of China is neither a federation, a confederacy, nor a republic, but a republic. It is a collection of warlords from all walks of life. Taking the Northeast alone as an example, it is beyond the reach of the central government, but the three provinces also have their own jurisdiction. Take Feng Province as an example, although Governor Zhang is the governor appointed by the Central Committee, there are also the 28th Division of Assistant Feng who are detached from Fengtian and seem to be fighting against each other.
Externally, it was surrounded by great powers, and the country was weak because of the loss of territory by the Manchu Qing government. The great powers even took the opportunity to carve up our country. In the future, there will inevitably be an upsurge in supporting puppets of all parties in various places. With China's strength, a major war is indispensable to prevent foreign powers from interfering in our internal affairs. However, with China¡¯s current strength, it is difficult.
So I say that China is far from being a unified country, and there is still a long way to go before it is unified. However, China has a tradition that "it must be divided for a long time, and it must be united for a long time." The road is long and long, and I will search up and down. The day of true reunification will definitely come, I firmly believe. "In public, he usually addresses his father Zhang Zuolin as Governor Zhang.
The middle-aged instructor's admiration became thicker, but he then asked: "Insightful. In your opinion, who will finally complete the task of unifying China? Premier Duan, Vice President Xu? Or is it Mr. Sun's power?" "
Zhang Hanqing secretly spit in his heart. This is common sense that even elementary school students understand in the upper world. He said with confidence: "Xu Shichang's family is short-sighted, and Duan Qirui's family is self-respecting, but it is difficult for them to achieve great things. Mr. Sun Yat-sen's current policy is still at a vague stage, and has not yet been able to unite the vast majority of the Chinese people. At this stage, it is impossible for anyone to take on the great task of unifying China. Who will ultimately complete the great cause of unifying China? There will always be twists and turns as the situation changes, but I believe that if there are virtuous people, there will always be a force that emerges. As long as it Being able to represent the voice of China and grasp the pulse of the times, what difference does it make in the end which faction you belong to?"
But he shouted in his heart: "What you didn't expect is that the Feng clan will occupy a place in China's political arena soon, and because of my existence, who else can unify China!" It is a pity that his ambition can only be deeply rooted. Buried in the bottom of my heart, otherwise I will be regarded as a lunatic first - in the current Feng system, I don't even know where to open the door.
The middle-aged instructor asked: "What do you mean by the vagueness of Sun Yat-sen's policy?"
Zhang Hanqing said with a smile: "Mr. Sun Yixian is a visionary leader, but he can't stand alone. In order to achieve his personal political goals and intentions, he did not hesitate to establish a new founding outside the Kuomintang and reorganized the Chinese Revolutionary Party. However, the Chinese Revolutionary Party in order to restrain party members and Control the organization, not only using gang secrets?The method of association also requires party members to be absolutely loyal to Sun Yat-sen personally and take an oath by pressing a hand mold, and citizens are divided into grades according to the time they joined the party and enjoy different treatment. It is said that an oath must be filled out in the party constitution, which contains language similar to the underworld, "I will always abide by this agreement until death. If I have second thoughts, I will be willing to accept the death penalty." Looking only at its internal organization, the Chinese Revolutionary Party is more like a gang-like organization than a revolutionary political party. joke! It was childish for him to think that politicians could be loyal by taking an oath! Is this an underworld or a political party revolution?
No wonder revolutionary heroes like Huang Xing refused to participate. Some Kuomintang members who were in exile in Japan also rejected this idea. Important figures in the original Tongmenghui such as Li Liejun, Bai Wenwei, Tan Renfeng, etc. did not join. This makes his power greatly weakened and reduces the ruling base of the Chinese Revolutionary Party - not that this is wrong, but that the current Chinese Revolutionary Party is a mixed bag and has formed a trend of being too big to lose. Mr. Sun, whose political power comes from the barrel of a gun and has no military power at all, is still far away from unifying China.
"If you don't believe it, General Cai of Southwest China has raised the banner of anti-Yuan. What is the Chinese Revolutionary Party doing?" I only heard that several unsuccessful armed uprisings and assassinations were organized in the country. Can a secret organization with a few hundred people in total be able to shoulder the important task of leading the Chinese revolution? Take a look at modern history. Which revolutionary regime relied on assassination to win power?
Since the day of its birth, the Kuomintang has been divided among its members: first, Song Jiaoren was assassinated for no apparent reason, and then Chen Qimei assassinated Zheng Rucheng. The former has become a doubtful case, but from the point of view of who benefits and who is doubtful, I do not want to speculate; the latter is a revolutionary rebellion against the Yuan government, which can be discussed separately. But ten days after the revolutionary army captured Nanjing, Chen Qimei shot dead Tao Junbao, the chief of staff of the civilian army, who was visiting him in the governor's house of the Shanghai Army. In order to win the governor of Zhejiang, he assassinated Tao Chengzhang, the leader of the Restoration Association. Then Yuan Shikai sent his personal bodyguard Yuan Jiliang to assassinate Chen in his house. Chen Qimei. Isn't it a huge irony that Yuan Shikai is still the president despite the internal killings within the Kuomintang? "
This is the truth.
Sun Yat-sen's original strength was indeed limited: after the Revolution of 1911, the main military support in most provinces was the regiment training and new armies from various places, or some overseas Chinese and members of Hongmen and its Ge Laohui. In terms of equipment and the quality of soldiers, None of them could compete with the Beiyang Army, the main force of the Qing Dynasty. In addition, since Sun Yat-sen did not actually participate in the revolutionary war, the revolutionary forces in each province launched their own leaders one after another, making the revolutionary forces appear like a multi-headed carriage. As for the Wuchang Uprising in 1911, it was jointly planned by the Gongjinhui and the Hubei New Army Revolutionary Group Literary Society, and it was even just an accidental gunfire incident. At that time, Sun Yat-sen was still working in a friend's restaurant in Denver, Colorado, USA, and had no knowledge of the revolution. Therefore, Sun Yat-sen said: "The success of Wuchang was achieved by accident."
This made his prestige within the Kuomintang even lower than that of Huang Xing. Even Morrison, a foreign journalist known as a "China expert" and the senior China special writer of the British "Times", said in public reports that he was "semi- "Chinese" - meaning people who know little about their own country, and denounced Sun Yat-sen: "Revolutionary prestige comes from bragging."
Yuan Shikai was not the only one who believed that Sun Wen did not understand China's national conditions at that time. Zhang Jian once said: "(Sun Wen) The gradual changes in China's territory, customs, and political power due to revolutions and gains and losses over the past four to five thousand years are not fully understood because of many years of traveling abroad, and the origins of political customs in various countries are constantly changing. In times of crisis, there is no time to integrate them all.¡±
Li Yuanhong believes: "The world has a wrong understanding of Sun Yat-senSun Yat-sen has been away from China for a long time and has no connection with any forces here. He is very famous abroad, so he seems to be suitable for this position. I have never heard that he is interested in the revolution. Has provided any substantial help at work. His reputation is largely fictitious"
Now Sun Yat-sen is still in Shanghai. Not long ago, he published a hollow and weak article "Declaration of Crusade against Yuan Shikai" against Yuan Shikai, and he doesn't know where he is going. At this time, the political force represented by Sun Yat-sen is no longer the protagonist, and it is inevitable that the Chinese Revolutionary Party is a factor in political failure. Perhaps this made him repent, and the Chinese Revolutionary Party was reorganized into the Chinese Kuomintang a few years later.
The subsequent changes in history are one thing, provided that Zhang Hanqing is not around.
The middle-aged instructor's obviously gloomy expression made Zhang Hanqing feel that this person might have some connection with Sun Yat-sen, or at least be a sympathizer or admirer. In an era of obvious factional barriers, this obvious tendency is invisible to most regimes. However, Zhang Hanqing's vision has already surpassed this stage, and he is somewhat interested in this person.
"Obviously, this man is upright, far from the sloppy and cunning typical of some veteran gangsters. There was a patch on the shoulder of the military uniform, and the entire uniform looked a little white. It was obviously an old uniform that had been starched for a long time, but it still looked very powerful. Generally speaking, if middle and upper-level officers can still maintain such simplicity, they must be very rigorous in their conduct. As a result, Zhang Hanqing's favor suddenly increased. (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com)?Those who can still maintain such simplicity among the upper-level officers must be very rigorous in their conduct. As a result, Zhang Hanqing's favor suddenly increased. (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com