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??For Japan, the strong seem to be immune from condemnation.
In order to continuously erode the mineral resources and economy of the Northeast and absorb nutrients from the Northeast to gradually grow, Japan changed the name of the Liaodong Peninsula to Guandong Prefecture, which includes more than 3,200 square kilometers of land in Lushunkou and Dalian Bay, officially establishing its territory in China. In order to effectively control its colonies in the Northeast, it established the Guandong Governor's Office in Lushun, with the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Ministry of War under it, and its coveting of China was growing day by day.
As an extension of the Kanto State¡¯s sphere of influence, Japan¡¯s Bengali is increasing its number of people on the Manchuria Railway line year by year. Originally, according to the original "Japanese-Russian Treaty of Portsmouth," "Japan can retain garrison troops to protect the Manchuria Railway Line. As for the number of garrison troops, the number is no more than fifteen per kilometer. The Japanese commander can reduce it at the discretion of the time. At least the number that is sufficient is the rate.¡± Of course, Japan did not compromise until death.
That¡¯s it, it¡¯s not satisfied yet. At the beginning of the year, when the Soviet Union transferred all the Eastern Railway and its affiliated interests to China, it wanted to get involved in Northern Manchuria and exert full influence in the Northeast. In order to effectively support the Chita White Army, on March 27, the Japanese army insisted on advancing westward along the North Manchuria Railway and occupied Manzhouli Station, regardless of the obstruction of the Heilongjiang Fengjun.
Although the war took place in the Far East, it was closely related to China. Japan took this opportunity to test Fengtian's reaction, and also played a trick on them - even if you claim Jihei is your backyard, can I still come and go freely?
How can you allow others to sleep soundly next to your couch? Zhang Hanqing has a long-standing hatred of the Japanese. Moreover, northern Manchuria was originally Russian territory and has been taken over by the Northeastern United Provinces Autonomous Government. The Japanese actually ignored China's sovereignty and reached into Heilongjiang, the rear area that Zhang and his son believed to be stable. If it were in a different time and space, this matter could only be a diplomatic inquiry by the central government. However, at this time, because Zhang Hanqing enabled Zhang Zuolin to complete control of the Northeast two years in advance, the strength was greatly different from before.
The situation was either unbearable or unbearable. Zhang Zuolin was furious. Mingdian severely denounced the security commanders of Heilongjiang and Xing'an provinces for "fulfilling their responsibility to defend the territory and turning a deaf ear to the Japanese invasion." The purpose of generating electricity in the air was to express his attitude.
No wonder Wu Junsheng and Sun Liechen had long-standing phobia against Japan. Without clear orders, the local government and the garrison were unable to deal with it in time. By the time they were ordered to intercept, the accident had already occurred.
Zhang Zuolin urgently summoned the Japanese Consul General in Fengtian, Yoshida Shigeru, and stated that in accordance with the provisions of the "Portsmouth Treaty", the Japanese army must not pass north of Changchun, and demanded that the Japanese army that had invaded Manchuria withdraw immediately.
Yoshida Shigeru defended the actions of the Japanese military in every possible way on the grounds that the Japanese military was protecting the interests of the Far East.
Zhang Hanqing said it was intolerable. He used electricity to throw a bomb across the country and hit the Japanese Consul General in China, Kohata, causing waves: "1. Any excuse from the Japanese side is not enough to harm the Northeastern United Provinces." The reason for the sovereignty of the autonomous government. We have never recognized that Japan has so-called "Manchuria" interests. Now Mongolia has completely become a province of the Republic of China, and the entire territory from the north of Changchun to Heilongjiang is the autonomous government of the Northeastern United Provinces. In the coveted rear area, any political, economic, military, and cultural entry by Japan must be permitted by the Northeastern United Provincial Autonomous Government. We also express our attitude here: any illegal entry by the Japanese army into this area You will be responsible for the consequences of anything that happens in the area. Any armed entry by Japanese soldiers will be regarded as a blatant provocation to the Northeastern United Provinces Autonomous Government |
2. The existence of Guandong Prefecture is caused by the poverty and weakness of the Qing government. We do not deny its official existence and have decided to maintain the status quo of Guandong Prefecture. But Japan cannot cause trouble elsewhere. Expatriates in Japan need to be registered under the jurisdiction of the autonomous government for easy management and care. The government is not responsible for any adverse events in Northeast China to non-registered Japanese people.
3. Regarding the so-called South Manchuria Railway, the Japanese army must strictly abide by the content of the treaty, remove all railway escort troops, and hand it over to Feng soldiers for guarding. The soldiers guarding the stations along the route should be strictly restrained, and it is important not to harass the place.
4. Regarding the issue of the Huaxin Bank Group, the South Manchuria Railway and its branches and its affiliated minerals and Jilin¡ª¡ªHuining, Zhengjiatun¡ª¡ªTaonan, Kaiyuan¡ª¡ªJilin, Jilin¡ª¡ªChangchun, Changchun ¡ª¡ªTaonan, Xinmintun¡ª¡ªFengtian, Siping Street¡ª¡ªZhengjiatun and other railway loans must be within the scope of the new bank group. If the Japanese side refuses the new Chinese bank group to enter Northeast China, we will consider building a railway on par with the South Manchuria Railway and reject any additional investment or new investment in factories and mines from Japan on the existing basis.
5. Whether Japan can invest in places outside the customs such as Rehe, Chahar, Mongolia and Hung Yen Province shall be decided by the autonomous government. However, armed personnel will never be allowed to enter, otherwise it will also be regarded as an infringement of China's sovereignty. , Fengjun also does not guarantee its safety. "
"Fengtian Times" published the full text of Zhang Hanqing's "Five-Point Requirements on the Issue of Constituting Japan in Northeast China", and attached a lengthy commentary of tens of thousands of words, saying: "Although Chu can defeat Qin with three people, how can China be empty and deserted?" "ending. In the afternoon of the same day, the People's Party launched a mass demonstration of more than 100,000 people in the provincial capital of Fengtian to show solidarity.
In addition, Zhang Hanqing also had a private conversation with Zhang Zuolin, discussing in detail the development of the current situation and Fengjun's response measures. On the same day, Zhang Zuolin sent a diplomatic note to the Japanese Consul General in China, Kohata, in the name of Chairman of the Northeastern United Provinces Autonomous Government.
The purpose of the Kwantung Agency and the Kwantung Army Headquarters, which were formally established on April 12, 1919, was only to make the Japanese garrison in Manchuria appear more legitimate. However, the Kwantung Army's mission at that time was at best the defense of the "Kwantung State" and the protection of the South Manchuria Railway. (Manchu Railway, from Lushun to Changchun). It was originally planned to deploy 15 soldiers per kilometer of railway, for a total of 14,419 soldiers. Even so, the actions of the Kwantung Army gradually ran counter to the domestic government's political policy of "not interfering in China's internal affairs and only safeguarding existing overseas rights and interests" (at least that's what it said on the surface, but the Kwantung Army's actions were more explicit) . As a result, the final situation was not under Japan's domestic control, and the Kwantung Army's arbitrary actions accelerated Japan's pace of provoking war in China. Although observers believed that there would be a war between China and Japan, the Kwantung Army lit the fuse prematurely.
At that time, Japan had not completely escaped from the shadow of the economic recession caused by the Russo-Japanese War. It had neither the financial resources nor the courage to launch a large-scale war, and international public opinion did not allow it. What the Japanese Kwantung Army did was partly instigated by a small number of fanatical militants, and partly instigated by the large plutocrats who controlled the Japanese economy.
Every step forward by the Japanese soldiers will bring countless wealth to the chaebols. Various Japanese companies in Northeast China have extended their tentacles in various industries under Japanese control, and countless raw materials that Japan urgently needs or lacks are flowing to the mainland, especially steel, coal and other strategic materials known as industrial life. The Japanese Kwantung Army is also constantly testing the Chinese government's bottom line in order to obtain greater benefits.
On April 3, amid strong opposition from Zhang Zuolin and his son, Japan expressed to the United States that it was willing to give up its request for the new banking group to exclude Manchuria and Mongolia, but it must retain rights to the Taore Railway.
However, Japan¡¯s apparent concession did not hinder its actual advance: on April 10, the Japanese army arrested Russians at Hailar, Harbin and other stations, violating China¡¯s sovereignty. On April 11, the Japanese army in Hailar clashed with the Czech army, injuring Chinese. On April 12, Japan occupied the Chinese barracks in Harbin.
Another meaning of the Japanese side is to express dissatisfaction with the secret anti-Duan alliance between the Fengcian and Zhili clique: Duan Qirui has always been the leader of the Chinese government and the soul of the Anhui clique, which Japan strongly supports. Now the Zhili clique is supported by the British and Americans. To replace it, Japan's efforts in China must be stifled. There is nothing they can do about Britain, the United States, and Japan, but they cannot tolerate the back and forth between the Fengcian and Zhili cliques. Deep down, they believe that Northeast China belongs to Japan and everything should operate at the rhythm of the Japanese.
Zhang Zuolin is a patriotic warlord at heart. With Zhang Hanqing's efforts, Fengjun's strength has made great progress. He can no longer tolerate this kind of provocation by the Japanese army. After repeated communication with Zhang Hanqing, on the morning of April 18, a high-level meeting of Feng's military and political affairs was held at the Marshal's Mansion, and it was decided to assemble Feng's army in preparation for possible escalation of provocation by the Japanese army. In the afternoon of the same day, the 28th Division Ji Jinchunquan Division stationed in Shanhaiguan and the 16th Division Zhang Jinghui stationed in Chifeng returned to Fengtian first. The elite 27th Division founded by Zhang Zuolin, the Ding Chao Division of the 23rd Fengtian Security Division, and the Yu Zhen Division of the 30th Division of the Jilin Security Command have all entered combat readiness to control various station arteries. The Wan Fulin Department of the 29th Division of the Heilongjiang Garrison and the Xing Shilian Department of the Xing'an Security Command set out from the North Manchuria Railway to besiege the Japanese troops in Hailar and Harbin respectively.
At the same time, he requested that all the Kyrgyzstan-Heilongjiang defense fleet be dispatched to block the Sino-Soviet river border to prevent possible support from the Japanese Far East Army.
The opinion has been very clear: the area north of the South Manchuria Line is not a private territory for the Japanese, and there are no historical issues left over. The Northeast Autonomous Government does not welcome the Japanese to enter. On the same day, Zhang Zuolin announced that in view of the rampant behavior of the Japanese army in the Black Province, the Middle East Road would no longer be used as a troop transportation and baggage supply line for the Japanese Expeditionary Force. Japanese soldiers who have entered must leave the country within a time limit.
The two sides are at war with each other and the war is imminent. The situation has deteriorated to this point, and many experts who focus on the Far East issue believe that it will be extremely difficult to deal with the aftermath when both sides have completely turned against each other. (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com)They all believe that it is extremely difficult to deal with the aftermath when both parties have completely fallen out. (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com