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Although Duan Qirui restored Zhang Zuolin's "reputation" and spared the three provinces of Guan Nei, the two men finally tore off the disguise on their faces. However, Zhang Zuolin needed to digest the fruits of victory and had no time to overthrow Duan Qirui by force for the time being. Duan Qirui was also disgraced by the Paris Peace Conference and kept a low profile for a long time and needed time to reunite people's hearts. The outcome of the battle between the two sides was silent. He retreated and ultimately failed to start the fight.
But since then, Duan Qirui and his Anfu parliament have become the target of abuse by the Chinese people. People who cannot forget the shame of the Shandong issue have begun to use pens to challenge his authority as the real prime minister.
On September 15, 1919, Shanghai's "Republic of China Daily" published an article titled "Explanation of the Anfu Genealogy Table", which imitated the form of a family tree and listed more than a dozen government dignitaries into a transnational five-generation family tree. Yu laughed and scolded It fully revealed the dissatisfaction and indignation of public opinion. He jokingly called the then President Xu Shichang the "illegitimate son" of the Japanese, which caused a nationwide sensation.
The so-called "Anfu faction" is because Duan Qirui ordered his cronies Xu Shuzheng, Zeng Yujun, Wang Yitang and others to establish the Anfu Club in Anfu Hutong at the beginning of last year. The new Congress was established with the power of this faction. Therefore, this Congress is also called the "Anfu Congress" Or "Anfu Government".
The Anfu government secretly elected Xu Shichang as president, implemented pro-Japanese policies, and exchanged rights and interests such as railways, mines, and forests for huge loans from Japan to expand its military power, arousing public anger. During the "Paris Peace Conference", China, Britain and the United States used this excuse to sell off China's interests in Shandong, which led to the "May 4th Movement". After the movement broke out, the "Republic of China Daily" ridiculed the central officials in this context.
This genealogy signed "Xi Zu" shows that "Japanese" is placed in the highest position "ancestor", implying that Japan is the controller of the Chinese government, and the Beiyang government is the descendant of Japan;
Xu Shuzheng is Duan Qirui¡¯s most trusted confidant, and he is also the top general of the Anfu Department. He planned to form the Anfu Club and the Anfu Congress, and held real power in public to preside over the sale of a large amount of sovereignty in exchange for Japan's support, so it was designated as "self";
Duan Qirui is the actual manipulator behind the Anfu government, so he is the "father";
President Xu Shichang was elected through manipulation by the Anfu National Assembly, "even if a son is born from an informal marriage, he is an illegitimate child";
Ni Sichong and Zeng Yujun are Xu Shuzheng's right-hand assistants. They share blessings and difficulties, and are positioned as "brothers" and "brothers";
Zhu Shen, Wang Yitang, and Fang Shu were loyal and dedicated to Xu Shuzheng, and they were positioned as "zi";
Gong Xinzhan and Zhang Hu Qiyan followed the trend and joined the Anfu Clan to seek promotion and fortune, which "fits them as godsons and godsons";
Liu Enge and others are subordinate to his son in terms of status and authority, and "all have the hope of inheriting and dividing the family property, so they are named Sun Yi";
Yuan Rongsou came here as a defector, his status was lower than Liu Enge and others, and he was called the "step-grandson".
Such a "family tree" depicting the Anfu family vividly reflects their political divisions, and the irony is amazing. For a time, the sales of "Republic of China Daily" increased significantly, and the Anguo government became a laughing matter throughout the country.
In ancient times, insulting the emperor was a "heinous" and "disrespectful" act that seriously violated the emperor's personal dignity. Not only did he lose his head, but he also implicated the nine ethnic groups. Duan Qirui, Xu Shuzheng and other politicians were naturally furious and even said that the Republic of China Daily must be shut down and Shao Lizi and Ye Chuqian be sentenced to prison terms.
"Republic of China Daily" was founded in Shanghai in January 1916. The newspaper office is located at No. 12 Henan Road in the Concession. It is the main propaganda publication of the Chinese Revolutionary Party in the country. The organizer is Chen Qimei, the general manager Shao Lizi, and the editor-in-chief Ye Chuqian. Its supplement "Awakening" was one of the four major supplements during the "May Fourth" period. Shao Lizi was born in Shaojiamao, Taoyan, Shaoxing in 1882. His first name was Jingkui, his courtesy name was Zhonghui, and his pen name was Lizi. He was a famous politician and educator in modern times. Ye Chuqian was born in Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province in 1887. His original name was Shan Ye and Zongyuan. He was a famous Nanshe poet and political activist.
To be honest, in the early years of the Republic of China, including the middle period, the freedom of speech was indeed unparalleled in the history of Chinese dynasties. After the "May 4th Movement", the public's consciousness has increased unprecedentedly, which is a great thing for China's reform process and deserves to be promoted. Therefore, when this news reached Zhang Hanqing's ears as a tidbit, he sensitively felt that he could make a big fuss out of it.
The Kuomintang Party organized writers within the party and gathered legal experts in Fengtian to publish articles in Fengtian Daily, known as "Thirteen Essays on the Rule of Law", which greatly supported the actions of the Republic of China Daily and This incident and its handling rose to the level of governing the country and won the resonance of hundreds of domestic media.
In his argument, Zhang Hanqing believed that regardless of right or wrong, allowing people to curse in the streets is a symbol of government progress, and it is stipulated in the Constitution of the Republic of China.?Discussing freedom is reflected in this aspect. As long as it is not slander, the government should listen humbly to the people's opinions, correct them if they are heard, and encourage them if they are not. We should not easily offend people who do not know the truth or make one-sided statements, but should guide and persuade them. Because with the advent of the era of big government, the administrative power that was originally divided into three powers has become more and more expanded, while the legislative power is still a rarity in the country, lacking a certain folk foundation, and is completely formed from the top down. In this case, newspapers are the mouthpiece, the voice, the public opinion of the people, and an important form for the people to supervise the government.
¡°In his view, the president is a human being, journalists are human beings, and ordinary people are human beings. We are all citizens of the Republic of China and have the right to put forward our own opinions on the country¡¯s development, behavior, policies and strategies. The reason why the United States is considered a symbol of democracy is that Americans can curse the president at will. Later, a joke said: "Chinese people think that scolding the United States is patriotic, and Americans also think that scolding the United States is patriotic. In this case, the people of China and the United States finally found a consensus."
??The American President can be scolded by newspapers, Congress, and even the previous president can scold him until he is completely injured. Of course, this kind of scolding is not a scolding of a shrew, but a criticism of his words and deeds. Of course, the president must also show an open-minded attitude, smile and convince others with reason. This is a culture.
This kind of culture existed in ancient China, but it mainly used the introspective behavior of officials as part of self-cultivation. "Old Book of Tang" records that the younger brother of Lou Shide, prime minister of Wu Zetian's time, was sent by the imperial court to guard Daizhou. He bid farewell to him before taking office. He taught his younger brother to be patient when encountering trouble. His brother said: "Someone spit on my face, I just wipe it up myself." Lou Shide said: "It's not enough yet. You clean it up yourself because you want to avoid other people's anger. You should let it go." Only when you do it yourself can you be patient.¡±
?? Could it be that as society has developed into the twentieth century, the moral and legal views of the Chinese people are not as good as those of the ancients? If a politician does not accept different opinions, it is difficult to believe that he can have a public heart to serve the country and society. Perhaps this kind of ridicule is inappropriate, but after all, it restrains the government to a certain extent and will lay a solid foundation and direction for China's future judicial fairness and independence. In this case, whether the judiciary can represent a neutral third party and independently make rulings on disputes between citizens and government units is the true embodiment of judicial independence. As a powerful government unit, whether it truly respects the independence of the judiciary is reflected in whether it can lower its stature, sit calmly in the dock or the plaintiff's dock like ordinary people, and accept questions from the judiciary. In this sense, the presidential defamation case of the Republic of China Daily is of symbolic significance.
Zhang Hanqing¡¯s words were like a spring breeze, making both the domestic press and legal circles feel happy. What kind of character is this? How can one summarize such a high and sensible positive attitude towards the media industry? They were impressed by the knowledge and knowledge of this young marshal from Northeast China. (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com