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Chapter 53: Defeat (1)

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    The 33rd year of the Republic of China was really not a good year. Putting aside the natural disasters in Henan and Hunan, the Japanese army launched several offensive battles from north to south, from Henan to Guangxi.  The army was defeated and collapsed, and lost a large area of ??land and many cities.

    It turns out that Japan's successive defeats in the Pacific battlefield have exposed the Nanyang army to threats from the Allied forces from the sea, making transportation and supplies very difficult. Therefore, in order to maintain the connection between the mainland and Nanyang, the Japanese base camp established an "absolute defense circle" formulated in its early days.  "" guiding principle, the following strategic goals were formulated: First, conquer the air force bases in southern and southwest China, because these Sino-US air force bases have seriously endangered the security of Japan's mainland, and have affected the maritime communication lines between the Southeast Asia and Southeast Asia.  create a threat.  This sea line of communication is Japan's lifeline to continue the war, and all strategic materials must reach the Japanese mainland through this.  Second, we need to open up land transportation lines on the Asian continent.  The Japanese army suffered continuous defeats in the Pacific, and the sea lanes were in danger of being cut off at any time. Only by opening up this land communication line with China could the Kwantung Army, the Chinese Expeditionary Force and the Southern Expeditionary Force be integrated into one. This would not only enable  The Japanese armies can support each other and can make full use of the strategic space of the Asian continent for protracted warfare.  Third, it can also dampen the anti-war consciousness of the Chongqing National Government.

    In response to the above goals, the commander-in-chief of the Japanese dispatched troops in Nanjing, Shunroku Hosei, formulated a comprehensive offensive plan from north to south, which was divided into four steps: The North China Front Army was responsible for the first phase of the operation, opening up the Pinghan-Han Railway, and at the same time waiting for an opportunity to eliminate the Japanese.  The main force of the army and Henan's main opponent was Tang Enbo's tribe.  The second phase of the operation was launched by the Japanese Eleventh Army stationed in Wuhan, responsible for opening up the Guangdong-Hankou Railway in Hunan, mainly attacking Changsha and Hengyang, and waiting for opportunities to eliminate the main force of the National Army in the Ninth Theater.  The third phase is for the Japanese Sixth Front Army to cooperate with the 23rd South China Army to move north from Guangzhou, open up the Guangdong-Han Railway, and join the 11th Army at the same time.  The fourth phase is to open up the Ping-Han Railway and the Guangdong-Han Railway, and then send troops to capture Guangxi and open up the passage to Vietnam.  At the same time, during these operations, the national army and the airports in Jiangxi, Hunan and Guangxi must also be destroyed.

    From the plan drawn up by Hoshunroku, it can be seen that those battles are the Battle of Henan, the Battle of Changheng and the Battle of Guiliu. Once the Japanese army achieves these goals, China will be divided into two, and Chongqing may not be protected.

    In April, under the command of the commander of the Japanese North China Front, Okamura Neiji, the Japanese Twelfth Army had a total of five divisions, three brigades, a flying regiment, and directly affiliated units of the First Army and the Front Army.  A total of more than 148,000 people, with the cooperation of one section of the Japanese Eleventh Army and the Thirteenth Army, crossed the Yellow River and attacked Zhongzhou.  What faced Henan was eight armies and one corps under the leadership of the First Theater Commander Jiang Dingwen, supported by the Eighth Theater and the Air Force, totaling 400,000 people.  The two sides started fighting on April 18. The Japanese army defeated the National Army Tang Enbo and other troops entrenched on the Pinghan Line, captured Luoyang, and once reached Tongguan, making it possible to invade Xi'an.  The Chinese army began to counterattack on June 2, and eventually drove the Japanese troops to the line of Shaanxian, Luoning, Songxian and Lushan, and the two sides formed a confrontation.  In the Battle of Central Henan, what was irritating was not the defeat of the national army, but the civil uprising provoked by these defeated soldiers when they retreated to western Henan. It is evident that Tang Enbo's army caused great harm to the people.

    Although he has not attacked Tongguan, it is obvious that Okamura Neiji has achieved his combat goal, and the Japanese have already won the victory.

    ?******************

    Before the Battle of Central Henan was over, in May, the Japanese Eleventh Army stationed in Wuhan, under the command of Commander-in-Chief Yokoyama Isamu, led eight divisions, an Air Force flying group and the Navy's First Department, a total of about twenty  Thousands of people once again launched an attack on Changsha. This time it was the fourth time that the Japanese Eleventh Army attacked Changsha, and it also kicked off the Battle of Changheng.

    Xue Yue, Commander-in-Chief of China's Ninth War Zone, thought that the enemy was still using the same cone-shaped tactics and had already begun to underestimate the enemy. Although he led four national army groups and two other armies, a total of about 400,000 people,  But there was no such good luck as the previous three times.  The two sides started fighting on May 27th, and the Chinese army retreated steadily. By June 18th, the Fourth Army holding Changsha suffered all casualties, and Changsha was finally lost.

    Immediately afterwards, Hengshan Yong continued to advance south, and his troops pointed directly at Hengyang, the transportation hub of southern Hunan.  On June 20, the Japanese army successively captured Liling, Zhuzhou, Lukou, Xiangtan and other places.  From June 28th to July 20th, the Japanese army attacked Hengyang twice. Due to the tenacious resistance of the defenders, the Japanese army suffered heavy casualties and was forced to stop the attack.  On August 3, the Japanese army deployed additional troops and launched its third attack on Hengyang.  The Tenth Army of the Chinese garrison fought extremely tenaciously, fighting repeatedly with the Japanese army and constantly repelling their attacks.  After a hard fight until August 8, the defenders ran out of ammunition and food, suffered all casualties, and their positions were completely destroyed.??, most of the 31st Army of the National Army defending the urban area of ??Guilin died, and only a small number of 7,000 remaining soldiers broke through the encirclement, Guilin fell; the 26th Army of the National Army that defended the urban area of ??Liuzhou suffered more than half of its casualties and was ordered to evacuate, and Liuzhou was lost.  Subsequently, the Japanese 3rd and 13th Divisions attacked northwest along the Guizhou-Guizhou Railway toward Guizhou; the Japanese 23rd Army attacked southwest along the Liuyong Highway and captured Nanning on November 24.

    The Battle of Guiliu is recognized by the Japanese army and the National Government Army as one of the most ferocious and brutal battles in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, especially the Battle of Guilin. According to a report from the Japanese Army Staff Headquarters, 17,000 Japanese soldiers were killed in the ten-day war. Colonel  All nine were killed, and only four of the thirty lieutenants survived. The water of the Li River was blood red, and the floating corpses of both the Chinese and Japanese troops were five kilometers long.  In the remaining diary of a Japanese lieutenant who died in action, he wrote in trembling writing: From Nanjing heaven to hell!

    On December 10, the Japanese army basically opened up the planned mainland communication line, but the Chinese army was already routed thousands of miles away.

    *********************

    Although the Japanese army won a tragic victory tactically and captured several cities, they were still in trouble because of the deployment of more than 500,000 troops stationed in Osaka, Japan and the Pacific to China.  The Battle of Henan, Hunan and Guangxi was actually a strategic failure of the Japanese army. It was this series of battles that started in April and ended at the end of the year that objectively led to its failure in the Pacific battlefield.

    As for the Chinese army, the Guangxi Army, under the predicament of the central government's selfish refusal to support heavy weapons, was able to achieve the highest average number of Japanese casualties in a single day during the Japanese invasion of China with light weapons alone. This is remarkable and will leave its name in history.  .

    At this time, World War II was coming to an end. During the same period as the European allies, the Soviet Union was launching a war of annihilation against the Germans in Belarus, and the British and American coalition forces were also landing in Normandy, France. In comparison, the defeat of the national army in the Chinese Theater was already a matter of course.  The laughingstock of the world.  Analyzing the reasons, the Central Military Commission¡¯s strategic guidance errors bear the brunt.  Although the Military Commission generally knew the direction of the Japanese army's main attack, in the end, because it had to support the expeditionary force's operations in Yunnan and Burma, the configuration of its main force and reserve forces was very inappropriate.  People in the Military Commission still miscalculated that the Japanese would not attack with all their strength, nor would they permanently occupy the captured city, just like when they attacked Changde. That is why large areas of Henan, Hunan, and Guangxi were laid to waste, and air force bases and battlefields were destroyed.  The station was destroyed.

    Although the Japanese army achieved its combat intention, it was unable and did not have the power to ensure the smooth flow of the mainland's communication lines. Therefore, it could not stop the air strikes of American fighter planes on the Japanese mainland. Because its troops were too dispersed, it provided conditions for the Chinese army's counterattack.  However, the overly conservative Military Commission of the Nationalist Government failed to seize this opportunity well.  (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com
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