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Chapter 548 Four, five, five, let Zong Wu go out of his way

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    Founded in 1906, the American Political Science Review is not only the journal of the American Political Science Association, but also a political observation magazine with great international influence.  Keshi University has recently established new institutions such as the School of Political Science and the China Policy Research Institute. In order to enrich the library collection and broaden students' horizons, it has purchased books and subscribed to newspapers and periodicals at home and abroad. Naturally, this well-known professional journal will not be missed.  As long as you flip through this journal, you will never miss this article written by the US Minister to China and related to the current political situation in China.

    But from the time Rui Enshi finished writing this article in the embassy in China, to sending it to the "American Political Science Review" magazine for review, to publishing it in print, and then traveling across the ocean to Jingshi University.  By the time Liang Qichao sent it to Sun Yuanqi's desk, the time had already entered 1914.  At this time, the tension between the New China Party and the Civic Party became even more intense, and the atmosphere in the House of Representatives and the Senate became increasingly tense. Even the dullest person could smell the smoke.

    No wonder!  Nearly a year has passed since Congress was officially convened in April 1913. The presidential election has been unresolved. It is obvious that Yuan Shikai has lost patience and started to become anxious.  A Japanese reporter pointed out with a gloating tone in the Sunchon Times, a Chinese-language newspaper published by the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Beijing:

    "The current situation in China is like two children holding explosives and threatening each other. They both hope that their more dangerous actions can scare the other party and obtain concessions from the other party. However, such dangerous behavior can easily lead to misfires and may inadvertently lead to  The explosives were detonated, and both sides were eventually wiped out. - But this may not be bad news for the exiled revolutionaries and other local powerful groups."

    After reading Rui Enshi's article, Sun Yuanqi couldn't help but bury his head in thought: The article elevated the dispute between the two parties in Congress to a dispute between the government and the factions, which makes some sense; but to sublimate it to a conflict between Eastern and Western ideas, it is purely  Nonsense.  However, Rui Enshi was right about one thing. After being immersed in the officialdom for so many years, his thoughts were indeed no longer as pure and pure as they once were, but had become filthy, full of pursuit of power, rejection of dissidents, and intentions.  The thought of dictatorship!

    Are these dirt and rust stains from the world, or are they the struggle experience and survival rules of the officialdom?  Sun Yuanqi couldn't figure it out for a while, but he knew that if the stalemate continued, it would eventually turn into a decisive battle between the two forces.  Although the idea of ??completely getting rid of Yuan Shikai before the outbreak of World War I was very tempting, Sun Yuanqi did not dare to try it because his economic, technological, educational and other strength had not yet fully transformed into war potential. If he and Yuan Shikai were to fight head-to-head now, he would be completely defeated.  It is very likely that you will be the one to solve it!

    Even though he had the strength to win the battle, Sun Yuanqi still did not dare to act rashly, because there were two hungry wolves from Tsarist Russia and Japan, who might jump up and take a bite at any time; there were also a few wild dogs in Outer Mongolia and Tibet that could not be fed.  The seller may seek glory and bite back at any time; as for the revolutionaries in Hunan and Guangdong who are ready to make a move, they must not be underestimated because they are colluding in private.  If you are not careful, it may become a tragedy of "the mantis stalks the cicada, but the oriole stalks behind"!

    To resolve the current crisis, everyone should take a step back as suggested by Rui Enshi.  Of course, first of all, it is impossible for Yuan Shikai to retreat. Firstly, his age and qualifications are not comparable to that of Sun Yuanqi. Secondly, he is still the "interim" president. If the hope of becoming a full-time president is still alive, there is really no way to retreat.  .

    ??And objectively speaking, with Yuan Shikai's qualifications and strength, becoming the president is what everyone expects.  Unexpectedly, being held up by the Kuomintang and the New China Party for nearly a year or two is indeed a bit inhumane for the elderly who have only a few days left.  He has been able to endure it until now, and he is already very good at cultivating his body and nourishing his qi!

    After reflection, Sun Yuanqi decided to take a step back.  But this retreat is not unprincipled. It is a friendly move made for the sake of the overall situation, rather than a guilty conscience.  Once this friendly move is misinterpreted as a weak concession, it is likely that the New China Party will face a more severe stalemate and more excessive demands next time, so it is necessary to communicate with Yuan Shikai before giving in.

    After making up his mind, Sun Yuanqi quickly made preparations and went to the Presidential Palace alone to visit Yuan Shikai.  Yuan Shikai was quite surprised by Sun Yuanqi's sudden visit, and hurriedly stood up to welcome him out of the middle door: "What a rare visitor! Baixi, you haven't been here for a long time. I thought we had separated at some point!"

    Sun Yuanqi had no choice but to play haha ??to bypass this section.

    Seeing that Sun Yuanqi came alone, Yuan Shikai also knew that he must have something important to discuss, so he sat down in the middle hall, served fragrant tea, and then dismissed everyone.  After a few useless gossips about Shannanhaibei, Sun Yuanqi suddenly changed the topic: "A few days ago, Mr. Rainey, the U.S. Minister to China, published an article in the American Political Science Review magazine??Publish an article commenting on the current political situation in China. I wonder if the President has read it?  "

    Yuan Shikai shook his head: "I am frail and sick, and my eyes are dim. I rarely read books on weekdays; and I don't know foreign languages. How do I know what articles are in foreign magazines? But Mr. Rui is the new U.S. Minister to China, and he has been there before  I am a professor of political science at a famous university in the United States. It is said that he has a unique understanding of politics. I met him a few days ago when he submitted his credentials, but we did not talk about it in depth. Now I am a little curious about what he wrote in the article.  What happened?"

    Sun Yuanqi would naturally not believe everything Yuan Shikai said was true, because even if Yuan Shikai had read the article, he would not admit it at this time.  Some things are best said from Sun Yuanqi's mouth.

    Sun Yuanqi followed his intention and replied: "Mr. Rui Enshi's article starts from the current situation of two parties in the Chinese Congress, traces the cause upward, and attributes the crux to Sun Yat-sen's sudden change of the presidential system to a cabinet system at the beginning of the Republic of China, but did not  Taking into account the impact on the entire political structure, the division of power is unclear, which ultimately led to the current situation. At this point, Sun felt that he was quite discerning! But in his article, he understood the situation of the two parties in Congress as the government  Sun doesn't quite agree with the power struggle and factional struggle between academies."

    Yuan Shikai¡¯s expression changed slightly: ¡°Oh? Baixi, what are your views on the coexistence of the two parties?¡±

    Sun Yuanqi said: "I feel that the current coexistence of the two parties in Congress is not so much a power struggle and a factional struggle between the government and the Yuan Yuan, but it is a system struggle between the presidential system and the cabinet system. Whether the New China Party insists on  Whether to formulate a constitution first or whether the Civic Party demands to elect a president first? What is at issue is the ownership of various public powers, not for personal gain. This is worthy of recognition first. But why are the two sides in a stalemate? Because the system is unclear, each party is in a stalemate.  The ownership of Xiang Gong's power is unclear, and everyone has doubts and fears in their hearts. They are worried that the other party will seize the power that should belong to them; if they take the initiative to give in, the other party will feel that they have an opportunity to take advantage of it.

    "In fact, this is also true. People's desires are endless. Many times, taking the initiative to give in may not win the other party's understanding. On the contrary, it makes the other party think it is profitable, and it will become more serious in the future. Just like the six eastern kingdoms ceded territory to Qin during the Warring States Period, initially  In order to live a stable life, who knows that the Qin State is insatiable. Today and tomorrow, the invasion becomes more and more urgent. In the end, the soldiers of the six countries were annexed by Qin. This is a lesson from the past! So today  To resolve disputes in Congress, the best way is to first distinguish the powers of the President, the State Department, and Congress, so that they must not infringe upon each other. To use a common saying in the West, "Give to God what is God's, and to Caesar what is Caesar's." Once the respective powers are clarified  Once the powers are vested and legally documented, all other problems will be solved!¡±

    Yuan Shikai took a sip of the ginseng soup and repeated calmly: "What Bai Xi said is absolutely true. Now everyone has doubts and fears in their hearts, worried that the other party will seize the power that should belong to them!"

    Sun Yuanqi knew that Yuan Shikai was worried that once the constitution was enacted, the New China Party would sweep him, the interim president, into the trash heap of history.  Even if he doesn't clean up, the three to four hundred New China Party members will just disperse after the constitution is formulated, and his dream of becoming a president will be completely shattered!

    Sun Yuanqi had already thought of a countermeasure: "I also know what the president is worried about! The constitution is the fundamental law of the country and needs to be carefully crafted without any sloppiness. The formulation of such a constitution that is of great benefit to the present and will benefit the future will inevitably take a long time, and the country  You cannot live without a master for a day; but if the constitution is not yet decided, there is no basis for electing a formal president. The contradiction between the two is indeed not easy to reconcile. But there is a compromise. I wonder if the president agrees?"

    "Oh? Baixi, please speak!" Yuan Shikai's spirit suddenly lifted.

    Sun Yuanqi said: "Since it takes many years to formulate a constitution, and the election of a president is imminent, why don't we suggest that the Congress extract the three chapters of "Congress", "President" and "State Council" from the current draft of the constitution and revise them first, and then submit them to Congress for a vote  . Once the vote is passed, Congress can be convened and the president can be elected in accordance with these three chapters. I wonder what the president will do?"

    In real history, Yuan Shikai, Liang Shiyi and members of the Civic Party, in order to realize their desire to elect the president as soon as possible, specially extracted the presidential election clause from the draft constitution, revised it by the Constitution Drafting Committee of the National Assembly, and then submitted it to the National Assembly for voting and approval, and then forcibly carried out the  President election.  According to this, Sun Yuanqi was just trying to suppress his predecessors' old tricks.

    Yuan Shikai pondered for a moment: "Bai Xi's suggestion is very feasible, but revising those three chapters is not easy. I'm afraid it will still be difficult to submit it to Congress for a vote in the short term, right?"

    Sun Yuanqi gritted his teeth and said, "How about taking out one chapter of "The President" and revising it?"

    The chapter "The President" includes the qualifications, election, term of office, removal, powers, etc. of the President.  In Sun Yuanqi's view, as long as the power of the president is restrained and Yuan Shikai is not allowed to have autocratic thoughts, appropriate concessions are possible.

    Hearing this, Yuan Shikai immediately sat up straight: "That's fine, then I'll follow Bai Xi's advice!" (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com)Power etc.  In Sun Yuanqi's view, as long as the power of the president is restrained and Yuan Shikai is not allowed to have autocratic thoughts, appropriate concessions are possible.

    Hearing this, Yuan Shikai immediately sat up straight: "That's fine, let's follow Bai Xi's opinion!" (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com
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