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Chapter 410 340. It¡¯s better to be speechless than Tao Li.

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    "Let's talk about compulsory education first!" Sun Yuanqi said: "The so-called compulsory education is the national education that school-age children and teenagers must receive according to the law and that the state, society and families must guarantee. It is compulsory, free and universal.  Three characteristics of sex. It is generally believed that compulsory education originated in Germany. The religious leader Martin Luther was the first person to propose the concept of compulsory education. In 1619, the Duchy of Weimar in Germany promulgated the "School Decree", stipulating that parents should send children between the ages of 6 and 12  This was the earliest form of compulsory education. After the industrial revolution, compulsory education played a huge role in enabling people to master industrial knowledge. The duration of compulsory education also expanded from the initial 3 to 6 months to 6 or even 9 years.

    "Japan, which is separated by an ocean from us, began to popularize compulsory education after the Meiji Restoration. According to their school system, primary school education lasts eight years, with the first four years being compulsory education. By 1909, compulsory education was extended to six years, and the country  All children were required to receive six years of primary education. Thanks to this, student enrollment rates increased steadily. At the end of 1872, only 28% of school-age children were in school. However, by 1910, 98% of children were in school, almost completely solving the problem.  The problem of illiteracy has been eliminated. This has also laid the foundation for Japan¡¯s current economic prosperity and national prosperity!¡±

    In fact, Little Japan really attaches great importance to education!

    In the TV series "Toward a Republic", after signing the "Treaty of Shimonoseki", Emperor Meiji asked Prime Minister Ito Hirobumi to use all 230 million taels in compensation for education.  ¡ª¡ªOf course, this is just a beautiful imagination of the Chinese people about the rounder moon in foreign countries, an attempt to highlight the important role of education in national rejuvenation, and by the way, set an extremely great role model and an idol that is difficult to surpass for the Chinese government.  In fact, the Japanese government only allocated 10 million yen as an education fund, accounting for about 2.8% of the total compensation.  Although the proportion is small, it is a significant investment.

    After the end of World War II, the Japanese mainland was bombed to a pulp by the United States. The people suffered heavy casualties, and politics were controlled by the US military. To describe it as "poor and destitute" and "difficult to make progress" is not an exaggeration at all.  Despite this, the Japanese government promulgated the Basic Education Law in 1947, extending compulsory education from six years before the war to nine years.  In just one year, nearly 100% universal compulsory education was achieved across the country.

    Taking a sip of tea, Sun Yuanqi continued: "Our country's population is about 400 million, and the number of school-age children is at least 40 to 50 million. However, statistics from the three years of Xuantong show that there are only 1.6 million students in schools across the country, and the student enrollment rate is not yet  To one-twentieth! Trying to build a prosperous and democratic country with such national quality is tantamount to wishful thinking; and using the educational funds of the late Qing Dynasty to implement compulsory education is tantamount to a drop in the bucket.

    "Compulsory education actually includes two parts of responsibilities. On the one hand, school-age children and teenagers must go to school to receive education; on the other hand, the country, society, and families must create good schooling conditions. China has always had a tradition of respecting literature and learning. Children and teenagers must go to school to receive education.  They are all very willing to go to school to receive education. The key is that the country, society, and families cannot meet their needs. For example, the school buildings are poor, teachers are scarce, and families are in difficulty and cannot pay for the books and miscellaneous fees for students to enroll.

    "At this stage, China does not have the ability to universalize compulsory education. If it is enforced through legislation, it will make poor families worse off, which is not good. Therefore, starting from the second half of this year, I want to use education subsidies to induce the majority of school-age children and teenagers to enter  School attendance. The specific method is to implement compulsory education in elementary schools, implement free education, free textbooks, free school uniforms, free lunches, and provide a subsidy of two silver dollars per person per semester, which will be paid mid-term and at the end of the term; elite education will be implemented after higher primary schools, and it is agreed to be implemented  The 'four exemptions' provide each student with a subsidy of four silver dollars per semester, but 20% will be phased out every year until they graduate from junior high school."

    Song Jiaoren frowned slightly and said: "What should we do with those students who have been eliminated? Everyone makes mistakes and horses make mistakes, and no one can guarantee that he will not make mistakes in every exam. Besides, some people are late bloomers, and some are young.  Excellent. If a cruel elimination system is implemented from elementary schools onwards, wouldn¡¯t it mean that countless talents will be missed?¡±

    Sun Yuanqi said: "If the eliminated students still want to study, they can go to private schools or repeat the grade, but they will not be able to enjoy the 'four exemptions' discount. As for what you said about being a late bloomer and being young, it may not be better after all.  There are only a few, but if it is fair and just to the majority of people, we cannot take care of that much in a short period of time.¡±

    Song Jiaoren thought for a moment and then said: "As Mr. Sun said, there are currently 1.6 million students in school in our country. If education subsidies are implemented from the second half of this year, excluding free education, free textbooks, free school uniforms, and free lunches, only every year  Education subsidies will require at least 6.4 million yuan. If in ten years more than 20% of students across the country canIf you enroll in a school, this amount will rise to more than 40 million yuan per year!  How does Mr. Sun plan to raise such a huge amount of funds?  Is it allocated from the treasury?  I think President Yuan is determined not to do it!  "

    Sun Yuanqi laughed and said: "If money is squeezed out of the national treasury to establish compulsory education, President Yuan Da will naturally refuse. Fortunately, the funds have been secured, so he should agree to it!"

    Song Jiaoren asked curiously: "How does Mr. Sun plan to raise funds?"

    Seeing Song Jiaoren's attitude of breaking the pot and asking the question, Sun Yuanqi had no choice but to tell the truth: "After consultation between Sun and President Yuan, we are going to transfer all taxes from the four provinces of Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Shanxi to education funds, regardless of the amount."

    Song Jiaoren mused: "If the current number of students in school is maintained, there will be more than enough tax revenue transferred to education funds in the four provinces of Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Shanxi. But with the stimulation of the 'four exemptions' policy and education subsidies, I believe that  The number of students in the school will increase rapidly, and may even exceed 10 million in a short period of time. By then, I am afraid that the tax revenue of the four provinces of Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Shanxi will be far from enough to support it, right?"

    When will the number of students in school exceed 10 million?  Five years, ten years?  Or twenty or thirty years?  At that time, after the baptism of the First World War, the industry and agriculture in Sichuan, Shaanxi and other provinces would develop rapidly. It was possible to double the economic aggregate several times, and there should not be much problem in meeting education funding.  Even if there is a gap, it is no problem for the company under your own name to subsidize part of it.  The more critical question is, God knows who will be the Minister of Education at that time!  It¡¯s impossible for Sun Yuanqi to be the one for the rest of his life, right?

    Sun Yuanqi said: "This question should be asked to the current director of education at that time! I think if the tax revenue of the four provinces of Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Shanxi is really difficult to support, the central government will not stand idly by, right? We don't need to worry now."

    Song Jiaoren said: "Mr. Sun was able to ignore his own selfish interests. Instead of using taxes from the four provinces of Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Shanxi to expand the military and prepare for war, he transferred them to national education funds. This move really impressed Song! But Song was very worried about it.  The problem is that the central government has been trying to weaken the local autonomy. If the four provinces of Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Shanxi do not maintain sufficient force to deter compulsory education, they are likely to be gradually eroded by the central government. In the end, not only will the educational ideal be difficult to realize, but even  There is no place for the New China Party or even Mr. Sun!"

    The drama is here!

    Of course, Sun Yuanqi would not naively think that Song Jiaoren came here just to chat with him and talk about the issue of compulsory education.  Obviously, the clarification of military affairs proposed by Yuan Shikai yesterday made the alliance extremely nervous. When independence is difficult to achieve, they are preparing to recruit the New China Party to help.  Sun Yuanqi didn't want to talk nonsense and said straightforwardly: "General Manager Song is talking about President Yuan's proposal to clarify military affairs yesterday, right?"

    "Exactly!" Song Jiaoren did not beat around the bush, "Obviously, Yuan Xiangcheng's move had ulterior motives. Although there are currently more than 1.2 million soldiers in the country, and it is indeed a huge waste of military pay, the vast majority of the money paid through the national treasury is Yuan's Beiyang direct troops.  . And among these 1.2 million people, Yuan's Beiyang direct troops and other armies attached to Yuan account for more than half. If he really wants to avoid fiscal deficits and reduce the burden on the people, why not set an example and first disband the redundant troops himself?  Stop buying and shipping firearms?

    "Yuan Xiangcheng is just proposing to clarify military affairs now. Once the State Council agrees, he will definitely recommend that the standards for disbandment and disbandment be based on whether they are well-trained and well-equipped with weapons. As we all know, the Yuan's Beiyang direct troops have been in the army for the longest time. They have experienced battles and are well-equipped.  No matter how much we disband, it will not be disbanded on them. In this way, the only ones who will be disbanded and disbanded are our revolutionary troops in the south. This is also his true purpose of clarifying military affairs!

    "Now that the southern revolution has hundreds of thousands of troops in its hands, Yuan Xiangcheng is a little afraid. If we allow Yuan Xiangcheng's plan to succeed, he will inevitably use force against the Jiangnan provinces after weakening the southern military strength and strengthening the central military centralization in order to quell the dissidents.  I have few ideas. Our Alliance and the New China Party are closely interdependent. If our Alliance is cut off by Yuan Xiangcheng, I believe the New China Party will not be able to survive alone! So now we must work together to prevent the passage of this proposal at the State Council."

    Sun Yuanqi said: "Sun naturally understands the truth of the cold lips, but Yuan Xiangcheng's proposal is not without purpose. Nowadays, the amount of military expenditure is really staggering, and the national finance cannot make ends meet. It is said that the State Council and the Presidential Palace will convene a group of banks from six countries every one or two months."  Borrow money, otherwise there will be nothing left to eat. Every time a loan is borrowed from the six-nation banking group, national interests are used as collateral, which is not a long-term solution. After much deliberation, the only option is to use military expenditures. Yuan Xiangcheng's reasons are dignified and reasonable.  "(To be continued. If you like this work, you are welcome to come to Qidian (qidian.com) to vote for recommendations and monthly votes. Your support is my biggest motivation.) (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.  com
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