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Chapter 130 One, two, nine, how many springs have come with peach and plum planting?

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    Regarding the series of institutional changes of the Qing government, as a bystander, Sun Yuanqi often had the attitude of watching from afar.

    For example, the establishment of a patrol department is roughly similar to today¡¯s Ministry of Public Security.  Jingshi University is located outside the city. Although there are about a hundred households outside the school gate, there is too little oil and water. It is estimated that the patrol department will not set up a branch here for a while.  There are mostly school workers near the school, not to mention the quality of the teachers and students inside the campus. There are also daily patrols by security guards. In fact, there is no need for police patrols.

    As for the inspection of the political hall, it has nothing to do with Sun Yuanqi and Jingshi University, so I don't bother to pay attention to it.

    Only the establishment of the academic department concerned Sun Yuanqi.

    The so-called academic department is roughly equivalent to the current Ministry of Education.  Before the Reform Movement of 1898, the Ministry of Rites was mainly responsible for education management and examination selection in China.  Corresponding to the local level, in the province it is academic administration, in the government it is professorship and instruction, in the state it is academic administration and instruction, and in the county it is the responsibility of specialized officials.

    During the Reform and Reform period, one of the propositions was to "abolish the imperial examinations and establish schools." During this period, in addition to the establishment of the Imperial University in the capital, local primary and secondary schools also sprung up like mushrooms after a rain.  Schools were a new thing and needed government supervision. At that time, when everything was done, there was no time to think carefully, so they casually established the position of "Minister of Academic Affairs of the Capital University School" to take charge of national academic affairs.  The first Minister of Management and Education was his great-uncle Sun Jianai.

    After the Gengzi Revolution, the old lady Cixi returned from Xi'an, learned from the experience, and began to implement the New Deal.  One of the new policies was the establishment of the Academic Affairs Office in November of the 29th year of Guangxu (1903) to oversee academic affairs across the country.  As for the Capital University, there is also a general supervisor who is affiliated with the Academic Affairs Office.  There were three first ministers of academic affairs, but Sun Yuanqi knew all three of them: in addition to Mr. Sun Jianai, there were also Zhang Baixi and Rongqing.  Zhang Baixi asked him for help, and Rongqing was his current boss.

    At this time, the country¡¯s education was split into two parts: traditional education and imperial examinations were owned by the Ministry of Rites, and new education was owned by the Academic Affairs Office.  In September of this year, Yuan Shikai and others petitioned to abolish the imperial examination and promote schools.  Seeing that the imperial examinations had become a thing of the past and that she could no longer adapt to the current domestic and international development situation, Cixi, the old woman, pushed the boat along and agreed to this letter.  As a result, the Ministry of Rites has almost no power to govern education, leaving only the Academic Affairs Office alone.

    In view of this, the old woman once again ordered: From now on, the academic administration of each province will specifically manage school affairs, and the performance of academic administration will be assessed by the Minister of Academic Affairs, and there is no need to be subordinate to the Ministry of Rites.  At this point, the Ministry of Rites has completely withdrawn from education, and the Academic Affairs Office has become the de facto Ministry of Education. It only needs a clear explanation.

    More than ten days after the assassination of the five ministers, Shanxi Academic Affairs Minister Baoxi issued a memorial. He believed that the Academic Affairs Office was responsible for the academic affairs of all provinces in the country, which was a bit unfair, and requested that the Academic Affairs Office be the academic department.  Grandma Cixi forwarded this document to the Government Affairs Office and the Minister of Academic Affairs, asking them to discuss it first and come up with an opinion.

    In Sun Yuanqi's view, this is a matter of course. It is a matter of changing a brand. Why do we need the Government Affairs Office and the Minister of Academic Affairs to discuss it?  Just write the word "accurate" and that's it!  It¡¯s just that in the future, my mother-in-law will take care of herself. In addition to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, she also added the Ministry of Education.  And I don¡¯t know if the Chancellor of the Academic Department will deliberately cause trouble for him because of the new official¡¯s appointment.

    The day after Sun Yuanqi read this news in "Declaration", Xia Ruifang, general manager of the Commercial Press, knocked on the door of the principal's office.

    Sun Yuanqi saw that it was Xia Ruifang and quickly stood up to greet him: "Brother Cuifang, long time no see. When did you arrive in Beijing? I should have said this before coming, so I might as well go to the station to greet you!"

    The last time I saw Xia Ruifang was when I went to the United States via Shanghai. It had already been a year and a half. It was indeed "long time no see."  Although they did not meet each other, the two of them exchanged letters very frequently because of the copying of the manuscript and the settlement of royalties.  Over the years, Jingshi University has published at least three to four hundred kinds of books in the Commercial Press. Sun Yuanqi alone has almost two hundred kinds of books!

    After the greetings were finished, Xia Ruifang said seriously: "Baixi, Brother Yu will not go to the Three Treasures Hall for anything!"

    "Where are these words? What difference do you and I have from each other? Please tell me!"

    "I wonder if you have read the excerpts presented by Master Bao Xibao of Shanxi Academic Affairs Bureau recently?"

    Sun Yuanqi was stunned: "I just saw it in the "Declaration" yesterday. Didn't it talk about the establishment of an academic department? What's wrong?"

    Xia Ruifang took out a few pages from her sleeves and handed them to Sun Yuanqi: "This is the full text of Master Bao's memorial. Please read it."

    Sun Yuanqi quickly took it and read it carefully.  Only then did I know that the full name of Baoxi's memorial was "In order to set up a school specifically after the suspension of the imperial examination, it was proposed to establish a school, and it stated the rules and regulations. Three methods should be adopted to select the examination system, and the results are expected to be achieved through one academic system. The memorial is respectful and detailed., Praying to the Holy Spirit for enlightenment."  Translated into vernacular, it means petitioning for the establishment of an academic department. In order to achieve the effect, I thought of three important methods.  What are the three important methods?

    First of all, school teachers should be civil servants.  In Mr. Bao's view, teachers in schools in various provinces are now appointed on an appointment basis. If they don't agree with students, they will resign and leave, which can easily lead to interruption of students' studies.  If you become a civil servant, I think the teacher will not resign easily.

    ¡°In this way, Mr. Bao¡¯s thinking about the problem is quite practical.  In the past 30 years of reform and opening up, teachers in universities, middle schools and primary schools have been working part-time, and their turnover is not very frequent. Once it becomes an appointment system, it will be like a fleet of horses!  Especially famous professors in universities, they seem to be jumping around for the settlement fees of various schools. Once they get the money, they are immediately ready to jump to the next one, regardless of whether the students live or die!

    Second, unify textbooks.  When he originally helped Zhang Baixi compile the school charter, Sun Yuanqi clearly wrote: "Now the government does not have the ability to uniformly compile standardized textbooks, so each school should be allowed to compile their own textbooks. If there are no obstacles, they should be able to print and use them. Privately compiled textbooks  Textbooks can be used as long as they are approved by the school and meet the textbook specifications." In this way, a legal basis was found for the rationalization of Jingshi University's textbooks.  Zhang Baixi saw it but did not modify it.

    Master Bao believed in the memorial that it is necessary to unify textbooks.  Now that the country is unable to compile textbooks, it should collect textbooks that are common across the country and have them uniformly reviewed and approved by the Translation and Compilation Office. The best ones will be selected according to subjects and used as study textbooks in various schools across the country.  After the establishment of the academic department, sufficient talents will be reserved and then unified preparation will be carried out.

    The third point is to unify students¡¯ clothing, similar to promoting standard school uniforms.  There is nothing more to say.

    After reading it, Sun Yuanqi understood in his heart: The first and third points, based on the current national strength of the Qing Dynasty, are basically impossible to implement; and it is impossible for Xia Ruifang to come all the way from Shanghai to find him just for this.  The key point is the second point. The Qing government both wanted to do it and could do it, and it would also cause certain harm to Jingshi University and the Commercial Press.

    The harm to the Commercial Press is obvious.  Textbooks compiled by Jingshi University have accounted for more than 90% of the Commercial Press's sales.  Once the school department determines that someone else¡¯s textbook will be used as the unified textbook for schools across the country, the Commercial Press will definitely lose half of its life, or it will be disabled!

    For Jingshi University, the remuneration from the Commercial Press is also a significant source of income, and it would be a pity to abandon it.  Furthermore, if the academic department really wants to recommend a batch of textbooks that are neither good nor bad, and then check them every now and then, how will the teachers teach them?  How do students learn?

    Sun Yuanqi put down the pages and said, "Brother Cuifang, you should be worried about the issue of unified textbooks, right?"

    Xia Ruifang nodded: "That's right! Brother Baixi, the textbook you compiled and printed has a rigorous structure, clear layers, detailed content, and complete knowledge. Since it was launched by our library in the winter of the 24th year of Guangxu's reign, it has become popular all over the country in the past seven years.  From Jiangsu and Zhejiang, to Sichuan and Guizhou in the west, to Zhili in the north, and Guangdong and Guangxi in the south, nine out of ten new schools use our lecture notes! Mr. Bao also admitted in the excerpt that the purpose of the various lecture notes we compiled and printed is not strange.  The complexity and simplicity are appropriate and sufficient for adoption.'

    "Although we are superior in terms of content writing and printing quality, we have a huge drawback: our Commercial Press is a private publishing institution. In comparison, the handouts of several other companies are not  The one compiled by the Zhili School Department was printed by the Hubei Government School. If it is reviewed and approved by the Compilation Office or the Academic Department, I am afraid there will be something fishy in it!"

    Sun Yuanqi nodded: "We have to guard against it!"

    Xia Ruifang said: "The result we can accept is that either the court will not review it and maintain the status quo; or when it comes to review, let the gentlemen of Jingshi University participate in it to ensure fairness!"

    Sun Yuanqi means the same thing.  However, when Xia Ruifang came this time, she definitely wouldn't just let herself know about this matter. I'm afraid she also wanted herself to achieve this result, right?  You must know that your great-uncle, Mr. Sun Jianai, is still the Minister of Academic Affairs. The first to get the moon is the one who is near the water and the tower!

    This matter is beneficial to himself and to most students across the country, so Sun Yuanqi is very happy to facilitate this matter.  Early the next morning, Sun Yuanqi went to the city to pay homage to the old man.

    Since the beginning of the year, the old man has often felt that his body is not at peace, and he often takes time off to recuperate, often for several months.  After all, he is nearly eighty years old, and he also wants to serve as an official and go home to spend his old age. Firstly, Cixi still needs the number one scholar and imperial master to decorate the appearance. Secondly, the big Sun family in Shouzhou still needs someone to stand in the court, so he  There is only hard support.

    It is now mid-October, the autumn weather is refreshing in Beijing, and the old man's health has improved greatly.  When he walked into the yard, he was lying on a wicker chair, enjoying the warm autumn sun.

    After kowtowing in greeting, Sun Yuanqi did not hide anything and told the truth about his purpose, hoping that the boss would nod and agree: Either the court will not review it, or the review will be fair.

    The old man squinted his eyes, as if he was about to fall asleep in the warm sunshine, but he did not fall asleep. After a long time, he said: "Don't get involved in this matter." (To be continued. If you like this work, welcome  Please come to Qidian (qidian.com) to vote for recommendations and monthly votes. Your support is my biggest motivation.) (Remember this website address: www.hlnovel.com)??

    After kowtowing in greeting, Sun Yuanqi did not hide anything and told the truth about his purpose, hoping that the boss would nod and agree: Either the court will not review it, or the review will be fair.

    The old man squinted his eyes, as if he was about to fall asleep in the warm sunshine, but he did not fall asleep. After a long time, he said: "Don't get involved in this matter." (To be continued. If you like this work, welcome to  Please come to Qidian (qidian.com) to vote for recommendations and monthly votes. Your support is my biggest motivation.) (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com
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